After the being defeated in the Spanish-American war in the year 1898, Spain left its long time colony which is the Philippines to the United States through the Treaty of Paris. On February 1899, two days before the ratification of the treaty by the U.S Senate, fight started between the American militaries and Filipino nationalists which was led by Emilio Aguinaldo whose aim was for the country to get independence as opposed to have a change in the colonial rulers. The war lasted for approximately three years and led to the death of 4,200 Americans and more than 20,000 Filipino fighters. In addition, more than 200,000 civilians died as a result of disease, violence, and famine.
After the Treaty of Paris of 1898 the Philippine sovereignty was transferred to the United States from Spain but it was accepted by the Filipino leaders whose troops were in control of the archipelago apart from its capital city of Manila ( Silbey, 2013) . The war was declared in April of 1898 when the Commodore George Dewey moved from Hong Kong and was able to defeat Spain in Manila Bay in the same year. However, with the American troops being in control of Manila and the Filipino insurgents having control of the other parts of the country, conflict was expected. Throughout the spring in 1899, the American troops pushed from the northern parts to central Luzon Plain. By the end of the year, the Filipino General Emilio Aguinaldo had already retreated into the northern mountains. Even though the conventional battles had ended, insurgent leaders in most of the provinces continued the bitter guerrilla warfare. Fighting increased in 1901 with bitterness on the Samar island. General Jacob F. Smith was enraged by the murder of the U.S troops and started a retaliatory campaign that was on an indiscriminate viciousness leading to his retirement. After 1902, the fighting continued which eventually led to a high number of human cost.
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The presence of the U.S in the Philippines had an impact on the world stage in terms of encouraging further colonialism around the world by world leaders ( Karnow, 201 0) . The act resulted in anonymity between those who are being colonized and the colonialists. It is especially true because of the human costs that result from the war. The war between America and Philippines alone resulted in the loss of 20,000 Filipino fighters. In addition, more than 200,000 civilians died as a result of disease, violence, and famine.
Conclusion
It is clear that the war between the U.S and Philippines that lasted for approximately three years and led to the death of 4,200 Americans and more than 20,000 Filipino fighters. In addition, more than 200,000 civilians died as a result of disease, violence, and famine. It had an impact on the world stage in terms of encouraging further colonialism around the world by world leaders. The act resulted in anonymity between those who are being colonized and the colonialists.
References
Karnow, S. (2010). In our image: America's empire in the Philippines . New York: Ballantine Books.
Silbey, D. J. (2013). A war of frontier and empire: The philippine-american war, 1899-1902 . New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
