Hypothesis
The research hypothesis states that there is a relationship between the health data outcomes and the exposures due to data inaccuracy, and also the sensitivity’s and specificity’s estimates of the diagnostic tool are available. However, the objective of the study is to explain a way that can be used in the estimation of odds ratio and correct diagnostics errors.
Study variables
The main study variables are odds ratio, specificity and sensitivity. In this study, the IV is the odds ratio since they are the ones being manipulated. However, they are plotted on the x-axis. In contrast, the DVs, which are plotted on the y-axis, are specificity and sensitivity. The DV changes are what the researcher is trying to measure. Hence, the DVs varies while the IVs remain constant. Ratio level of measurement was used. The variables’ level of measurement is continuous because they give different values whenever a new variable is introduced. For example, the observed odds ratio is 1.959, when a current odd of 2.289 is divided by a previous odd of 1.169, which are all continuous.
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Statistical test
The statistical test type used in the study is correlational because the study looks at the association between odds ratio, specificity and sensitivity. Sensitivity and specificity were varied to observe the effect they have on the odds ratio. The more the correlation between two variables, the more the effect the DV has on the IV.
Conclusion
Specificity and sensitivity estimates of the diagnostic tool can be used to correct the inaccuracy in data. When the level of sensitivity and specificity is high, misdiagnosis cases are very low. The odds ratio is affected more by the absence of sensitivity compared to the absence of specificity. Therefore, the odds ratio is more correlated to sensitivity than specificity. Progressive reduction of specificity and sensitivity leads to gradual departure of the correct odds ratio from the observed odds ratio estimate.
Reference
Antunes, J. L. (2019). How to correct the odds ratio for lack of sensitivity and specificity. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology , 449-453. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12489
