Identify a research question that could best be studied using a cohort study design.
Is there a significant difference in cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer among women of reproductive age?
Identify whether the study will be prospective, retrospective, or ambi -directional.
This is a prospective cohort study of the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer among women of reproductive age . The risk of breast cancer among women of reproductive age will be measured in the present while following women of reproductive age into the future to ascertain their risk of breast cancer status.
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Briefly describe your recruitment approach, the study procedures (e.g., number of follow-up assessments).
Various means will be used to recruit the participants. These include a personal invitation by letter, group mailings to employees of large institutions and members of professional associations, advertisements in newspapers, and public service announcements on radio and television. After which, recruitment into a randomized controlled trial of mammography screening for breast cancer will be conducted , (Fowler, et, al, 2018). The participants will be followed up for an average of 4 years. All the participants are expected to complete a self-administered questionnaire with connotations of cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer.
The measures you will use for ascertaining your exposure and your outcome, and the statistical tests of the effect that you will use to answer your research question.
Women were eligible for inclusion in the cohort if, at recruitment, they had neither a history of breast cancer. Women with a history of breast cancer will be excluded . Age differences will also be considered while recruiting women.
The statistical measures of effect that will be used to answer the research question include the Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk. Besides , multivariate models including age in 5-year age groups, education level (less than high school, high school, and university), vigorous physical activity (hours per day in tertiles, and ‘missing’), and alcohol consumption will be tested .
References
Fowler, N. R., Schonberg, M. A., Sachs, G. A., Schwartz, P. H., Gao, S., Lane, K. A., ... & Torke, A. M. (2018). Supporting breast cancer screening decisions for caregivers of older women with dementia: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials , 19 (1), 678.
