Research studies require a plan and a design methodology to be implemented. There are various research designs that can be employed. For instance, if a research was to be conducting regarding the relationship between academic performance and different levels of loudness of music while studying, three research designs can be employed to satisfy data collected for this criteria.
The first is Correlation Design. When utilizing this type of Research design, one has to ensure the variables to be employed are quantifiable. It employs variables from the same group of subjects and determines the covariation or relationship between the two variables. For instance, using the example provided above, a user can measure the academic performance of five students. Each of these students are placed in rooms each playing music at different loudness levels, after which they are issued with an exam to measure their performance. Through this, a user is able to determine the relationship between music and academic performance when studying. Is the relationship positive or negative (Myers, Well, & Jr, 2013).
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The second is the Quasi-experimental design. This type of experiment utilizes one group of people. The group is first exposed to music while studying and then examined to determine their academic performance. After which, the group is then left to study without the presence of music and the same process repeated. This research design employs a pre-test and post-test. Results derived from both tests is then analysed and presented (Campbell & Stanley, 2015).
The third is the experimental design. In this research design method, a user is more thorough with their research. A population is divided into two samples groups. Of the two sample groups music is played for one, and the other used as the control group. All other factors have to be held constant, for instance, the IQ of the students doesn’t differ and the students are all versed with the same knowledge. Students in the control group study without music, while those in the other group study with music. An exam can be provided to test the academic performance. Through this, a researcher is able to identify the group which is more successful. The study is then conducted again with the roles of the groups switched. The same experiment is repeated and from that, a researcher can positively determine the relationship between music and academic performance. Does the lack of it improve or decrease academic performance or not (Campbell & Stanley, 2015).
References
Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (2015). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research . Ravenio Books.
Myers, J. L., Well, A. D., & Jr, R. F. L. (2013). Research Design and Statistical Analysis: Third Edition . Routledge.
