Intelligence in law enforcement is seen when smart and amicable initiatives are used to enhance law enforcement apart from the brute force that law enforcers sometimes act with. Community policing is a method of policing or enhancing safety by focusing on building relationships and working closely with the residents in a particular area or community. The increased interaction between the community and law enforcement is meant to give law enforcement a humane side and encourage people to share information with enforcement agencies on how to make the community safer and more harmonious. It is becoming increasingly popular with police departments even taking part in community outreach programmes such as clean ups to try and understand more the needs of the citizens and their expectations of the police ( Somerville 2009). Technology has helped a great deal in easing the flow of information between local agencies and the community allowing the local agencies to include all forms of alert in their interactions. Intelligent mobile initiatives such as Nixle involve mass notification through SMS alerts by local agencies with regards to safety and other necessary alerts. During the winter storm Jonas, the Brick Township mayor used Nixle to update residents on the city’s preparation for the storm as well as other precautionary steps the residents could such as removing cars from the streets and encouraging patience as the authorities cleared the mess left behind by the storm ( Brook 2016).
Problem-oriented policing strategy was coined by Herman Goldstein in 1979 and differs from traditional policing as it offers to tackle crime from the root cause and not just to react to the symptoms through arrests. The main method under this strategy is SARA which is a four step strategy of which SARA is the acronym. It stands for Scanning Analyzing Response Assessment. It involves the identification and analysis of particular repeat offences or crimes of interest and effective responses drawn to eradicate the crime. An assessment is later done to measure the success of the response (Goldstein 2015). In 2002, the Madison Police Department was forced to handle the State Street Halloween riot that left several injured and extensive damage of property. Thereafter they employed SARA where they identified and analyzed the challenges they faced on the particular day and identified the culprits as mostly legally intoxicated university students. Instead of responding traditionally and planning how to better arrest them the next year, they employed an intelligent response based on SARA with the hope of preventing the riots in the first place. They ensured the event was held in a fully gated area with an entrance fee attached to it and a number of stages to keep the crowd occupied. Once the event was done, the fencing was adjusted conveniently directing the crowd from potential trouble areas identified from past incidents. This resulted to zero riots in subsequent events, minimal arrests and little to no damage on property. The success of the strategy has become a study on problem-oriented policing and the town even submitted the story for consideration for the 2008 Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem Oriented Policing (Miller, Hess & Orthman 2017).
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References
Brook, Jessica (2016). Nixle in action: Winter Storm #Jonas. Everbridge blog . Retrieved from https://www.everbridge.com/nixle-in-action-winter-storm-jonas/
Goldstein H. (2015). Problem-Oriented Policing. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform,
Miller L., Hess K., Orthmann C. (2017). Community Policing: Partnerships for Problem Solving. Cengage Learning
Somerville P., (2009) "Understanding community policing", Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management , Vol. 32 Issue: 2, pp.261-277, https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510910958172
