In the United States, affirmative actions have often been adopted in most learning institutions in the admission of students. Unfortunately, the impacts of affirmative actions are criticized because they do not promote social equity and equality. The US judicial system has protected some admission methods found in some colleges and universities. However, the continuity of quota system in the U.S. has faced challenges in that some states have pushed for referenda with the aim of abolishing the affirmative actions in some states (Holzer, 2007). The Supreme Court in the U.S. has created some legal challenges in the analysis of the constitutional protections in the implementation of affirmative action, especially when admitting students in institutions of higher learning. In this regard, some universities introduce quotas in the administration of students where they set aside some placements with the intention of allocating them to people of special interests (say minority race, gender or persons with special needs).
The quotas and other affirmative action policies are not only unfair but also violate the constitutional right of protection of individuals by equitable laws. In this case, quotas are beneficial to individuals of minority groups. However, the level of fairness obtained by integrations of quotas is relatively subjective. Moreover, quotas lower social disparity of minority groups by encouraging marginalized communities to access social services such as education. In learning institutions, more concern should be emphasized on developing new and flexible approaches in analyzing the impact of quotas. The colleges should also consider other factors such as the residence of their students as well as family background and income of the students when deciding the qualification of a student in the administration process. It is evident that quotas by themselves cannot be sufficient in encouraging social equity in employment and education (Holzer, 2007). The government should, therefore, consider aspects of immigration to encourage social equity.
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Reference
Holzer, H. (2007). The economic impact of affirmative action in the US. Swedish Economic Policy Review , 14(1), 41.
