Validity problems arise to a set of data in case the researcher makes false assumptions with regards to his research. The validity of data can be interfered with in some ways if the researcher fails to avoid such errors. Moreover, the reliability of the data collected from research must be able to measure the consistency and also be able to show the same result as evaluated based on different circumstances. In fact, the researchers must always be on a lookout for the threats to validity and reliability of data collected likely to occur throughout the process of data collection. It is always advisable to researchers to try as much as they can to incorporate the interval validity to minimize these threats associated with data validity and reliability (Becker et al. 2013). The following are the ways to overcome such threats of validity and reliability
a. In the case of group data collection, the researchers must ensure they reduce the time between the pretest and post-test Control of the Group.
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b. The researcher must also be able to cut the time between the pretest and the post pretest control of the group by the use of randomization and experimental design (Kaya et al. 2014).
c. The researchers can exploit the parallel test form right techniques of experiment design to reduce this validity and reliability threats of data (Kundi and Shah 2015).
d. The researchers might use the random assignment homogeneity of groups for statistical control matching, for example, the pretest and covariates (Papadakis et al. 2016).
e. Shortening of the duration of research can also reduce such threats significantly.
f. The researcher must be able to evaluate the dropouts and non-dropouts with the aim of minimizing the contact between the groups and also try using systematic approaches to interventions (Kaya et al. 2014).
References
Becker, J. M., Rai, A., Ringle, C. M., & Völckner, F. (2013). Discovering unobserved heterogeneity in structural equation models to avert validity threats. Mis Quarterly, 37(3), 665-694.
Kaya, M., Turan, M. E., Akin, A. P. D. U., & Karduz, F. F. A. (2014). The validity and reliability of turkish version of the coping competence questionnaire. Journal of educational and instructional studies in the world.
Kundi, G. M., & Shah, B. (2015). eBusiness in Pakistan: opportunities and threats. The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 2007.
Papadakis, M., Henard, C., Harman, M., Jia, Y., & Le Traon, Y. (2016, July). Threats to the validity of mutation-based test assessment. In Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (pp. 354-365). ACM.
