Independent T Tests
Has the quality of life improved for patients who used drug B compared to those who used drug A? In a scenario where some hypertensive patients are put on drug A, which is an Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and others placed under drug B, which is a combination of an ARB and an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitor, independent t-tests can be used (Menke et al., 2016). The mean of the two groups can be done separately and compared to determine which drug is more efficient. In such a scenario, drug A and drug B are the dependent variables while improvement in the management of hypertension, via the mean blood pressures, is the independent variable. In this case, the alternative hypothesis is zero since there is no significant difference between the mean scores while the null hypothesis is one since there is a significant difference between the two mean scores.
Dependent T Tests
What is the difference in the number of patients with better management of hypertension before and after lifestyle modification? In this scenario mean scores are obtained before and after the interventions have been applied (Lakens, 2017). The sample used in this case is a paired sample. It is essential that two scores are correctly picked for every patient and this is known as the difference. Thus, the management of hypertension in each patient is assessed before and after the intervention has been initiated. In this case, the management of blood pressure is dependent on the lifestyle modification hence a dependent variable. In this scenario, the null hypothesis is H0, since the difference between the scores before and after the intervention has no significant difference (Hathaway et al., 2017). In this case, H1 illustrates the alternative hypothesis the difference that exists between the post and pre-intervention scores are significant.
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References
Hathaway, D. J., Kalafala, K., Shuma, S. G., & Visweswariah, C. (2017). U.S. Patent No. 9,852,246 . Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Lakens, D. (2017). Equivalence tests: a practical primer for t tests, correlations, and meta-analyses. Social Psychological and Personality Science , 8 (4), 355-362.
Menke, A., Arloth, J., Best, J., Namendorf, C., Gerlach, T., Czamara, D., ... & Nemeroff, C. B. (2016). Time-dependent effects of dexamethasone plasma concentrations on glucocorticoid receptor challenge tests. Psychoneuroendocrinology , 69 , 161-171.
