Question 14
If I had selected a different sample of 50 cases, the mean and the standard deviation of number of years of education and number of victimization reports would most likely change due to varying figures in the sample that are different from the previous sample.
Question 15
Yes, I would. If the sample is a truly representative of the population, then using confidence intervals it would be possible to estimate the true population parameters ranges based on the level of confidence you desire.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
Question 16
No, I would not. This is because the sample statistics can only estimate the range of where the true values of population statistics. The population might have thousands of varying figures and therefore finding a sample that is truly representative of the all these figures and can come up with exact population figures is almost impossible.
Question 17
95% Confidence Interval for Education
The 95% confidence Interval means that we are 95% sure that the true mean of education years of the population lies between 12.93 and 14.47.
99% Confidence Interval for Education
The 99% confidence Interval means that we are 99% confident that the true mean of education years of the population lies between 12.67 and 14.7.
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Education | Mean |
13.70 |
.385 |
|
| 95% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
12.93 |
||
| Upper Bound |
14.47 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
13.79 |
|||
| Median |
14.00 |
|||
| Variance |
7.398 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
2.720 |
|||
| Minimum |
6 |
|||
| Maximum |
18 |
|||
| Range |
12 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
4 |
|||
| Skewness |
-.310 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
.003 |
.662 |
||
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Education | Mean |
13.70 |
.385 |
|
| 99% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
12.67 |
||
| Upper Bound |
14.73 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
13.79 |
|||
| Median |
14.00 |
|||
| Variance |
7.398 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
2.720 |
|||
| Minimum |
6 |
|||
| Maximum |
18 |
|||
| Range |
12 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
4 |
|||
| Skewness |
-.310 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
.003 |
.662 |
||
Question 18
The 95% confidence Interval means that we are 95% sure that the true mean of education years of the population lies between 12.93 and 14.47.
Extra Credit
99.9% confidence Interval
We are 99.9% confident that the true mean of the education of years of the population lies between 12.35 and 15.05.
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Education | Mean |
13.70 |
.385 |
|
| 99.9% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
12.35 |
||
| Upper Bound |
15.05 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
13.79 |
|||
| Median |
14.00 |
|||
| Variance |
7.398 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
2.720 |
|||
| Minimum |
6 |
|||
| Maximum |
18 |
|||
| Range |
12 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
4 |
|||
| Skewness |
-.310 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
.003 |
.662 |
||
Question 19
80% confidence Interval
We are 80% confident that the true mean number of reports for the population lies between 2.32 and 2.80.
90% confidence Interval
We are 90% confident that the true mean number of reports for the population lies between 2.25 and 2.87.
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Reports | Mean |
2.56 |
.188 |
|
| 80% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
2.32 |
||
| Upper Bound |
2.80 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
2.48 |
|||
| Median |
2.00 |
|||
| Variance |
1.762 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
1.327 |
|||
| Minimum |
1 |
|||
| Maximum |
8 |
|||
| Range |
7 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
1 |
|||
| Skewness |
1.366 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
4.168 |
.662 |
||
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Reports | Mean |
2.56 |
.188 |
|
| 90% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
2.25 |
||
| Upper Bound |
2.87 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
2.48 |
|||
| Median |
2.00 |
|||
| Variance |
1.762 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
1.327 |
|||
| Minimum |
1 |
|||
| Maximum |
8 |
|||
| Range |
7 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
1 |
|||
| Skewness |
1.366 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
4.168 |
.662 |
||
Question 20
The 80% confidence level has a smaller range as compared to the 90% confidence level. The lower boundary for the 80% confidence is 2.32 and its upper boundary is 2.80 while for the 90% confidence level the figures are 2.25 and 2.87. From the figures above, the 90% confidence level has a slightly larger range as the lower boundary is lower and the upper boundary is higher.
Extra Credit
99.9% confidence Interval
We are 99.9% confident that the true mean number of reports of the population lies between 1.90 and 3.22.
|
Descriptives |
||||
|
Statistic |
Std. Error |
|||
| Reports | Mean |
2.56 |
.188 |
|
| 99.9% Confidence Interval for Mean | Lower Bound |
1.90 |
||
| Upper Bound |
3.22 |
|||
| 5% Trimmed Mean |
2.48 |
|||
| Median |
2.00 |
|||
| Variance |
1.762 |
|||
| Std. Deviation |
1.327 |
|||
| Minimum |
1 |
|||
| Maximum |
8 |
|||
| Range |
7 |
|||
| Interquartile Range |
1 |
|||
| Skewness |
1.366 |
.337 |
||
| Kurtosis |
4.168 |
.662 |
||
Question 21
Two-tailed test.
Question 22
Question 23
Question 24
Z-test
Question 25
Question 26
Using an alpha of 0.05, is greater than and therefore we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis that
Question 27
One-tailed test
Question 28
Question 29
Question 30
Z test
Question 31
Question 32
We fail to reject the null hypothesis that
Question 33
Years of Education |
Race |
|
|
White |
Non-White |
|
|
10 years or less |
6 |
0 |
|
11-12 years |
15 |
0 |
|
13-14 years |
9 |
3 |
|
15-16 years |
11 |
0 |
|
17-18 years |
4 |
2 |
|
Total N |
45 |
5 |
|
Total % |
90 |
10 |
There is no evidence of a relationship.
Question 34
|
Reports |
Household Income |
||
|
Less than $19,000 |
$19,000-$39,999 |
$40,000 or more |
|
|
1 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
|
2 |
6 |
2 |
8 |
|
3 |
3 |
1 |
7 |
|
4 or more |
2 |
3 |
7 |
|
Total N |
13 |
8 |
29 |
|
Total % |
26 |
16 |
58 |
There is no evidence of a relationship.
Question 35
|
Reports |
Years of Education |
||||
|
10 years or less |
11-12 years |
13-14 years |
15-16 years |
17-18 years |
|
|
1 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|
2 |
0 |
7 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
|
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
|
4 or more |
1 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
Total N |
6 |
15 |
12 |
11 |
6 |
|
Total % |
12 |
30 |
24 |
22 |
12 |
There is no evidence of a relationship
Question 36
| 6 | 10 | |||
| 15 | 10 | |||
| 12 | 10 | |||
| 11 | 10 | |||
| 6 | 10 | |||
Question 37
Degrees of freedom =
Critical value =
Since the chi-square statistic is less than the critical value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Question 38
That there is no statistically significant relationship between number of victimization reports and the Years of Education
Question 39
For future studies, I would recommend that we use chi-square test for hypothesis testing.
