An Error of the Law
Appellate courts review the decisions of lower courts on the basis of the law and facts. However, in most cases, the courts concern themselves with matters involving an error of the law or a misinterpretation of the provisions of a given Act. In the event that a matter before the appellate court turns on a misinterpretation of the law or the application of the wrong law, the appellate court remands the cases to the trial court. In such instances, the court includes clear and firm instructions on what the trial court should. In the present cases, the matter raises constitutional contraventions. Sometimes the court may direct another trial court to determine the case to eliminate any possible prejudices. However, before the court remands the case, it must make an inquiry into the set of facts on trial. Remanding a case protects the tiers of appeal available to the individual.
State Court System and the Federal Judiciary
The State Court System mirrors the Federal Judiciary System by replicating the same level courts such as the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court. The federal court system adjudicates over matter touching on the whole country. On the other hand, the state court system entertains matters affecting the specific state. The purpose for the creation of the court system was to allow independent states to exercise jurisdiction on various matters depending on the prevailing laws. In the states, the courts observe a hierarchy just like in the national system. However, the state courts are restricted on the application and interpretation of the United States constitution. In criminal trials, the appellate and supreme courts entertain litigants on issues of the law. The courts may permit review of the facts only in exceptional instances such as the discovery of new evidence that may significantly alter the position of the case. Specifically, the higher tier courts are concerned with the proper application of the law. As the apex courts, the appellate and the supreme courts are expected to undertake a thorough review of the law to offer proper direction to the lower courts. By default, the lower courts are required to follow the decisions of the higher courts under the doctrine of precedence.
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Role of the U.S. Supreme Court
The U.S. Supreme Court plays a supervisory role to the state court systems on issues of the application of the national laws and the interpretation of the constitution. States are allowed to create their own laws to govern their conduct but such laws cannot contravene the provisions of the constitution or the national laws passed by Congress. An appeal can rise from the state supreme court to the federal Supreme Court on the issues of interpretation or violation of the constitution. The federal court also checks the legislative processes of the state courts. The federal Supreme Court can direct a state that the particular laws it has enacted violate certain provisions of the constitution and thus is inapplicable. In response, the state court then directs the state legislature to amend the contentious provisions highlighted. In the national scene, the federal Supreme Court checks on the legislative processes of Congress and reviews some actions of the president to align them with the constitution.
