A. How patient-Centered Care is impacted by regulatory requirements, business practices, and reimbursement within a healthcare organization.
Business practices impact patient-centered care by giving guidelines on the best treatment and handling of patients so that they can consider visiting the premise or recommend anybody with a healthcare concern. The administration of the patient-centered care, thus, borrows much from the business practices especially on strategies that intend to give the best available health care services to retain the patient and possible benefits such as improved positive feedback from the client (patient). Is it also imperative to note that healthcare provision has been liberalized and it means competition between different providers of the health care services, embracing business concepts, thus, would better help a health facility to remain competitive and realize its objectives in the healthcare provision business. The business concepts, therefore, apply mostly to the patient -centered in the privatized sector of the health care services. However, even in the government provided health care services, they have borrowed much from the business sector in areas that apply such as financial management of the health care organizations, embracing new payments methods supported by technology and embracing research to determine the best practices that can be improved in healthcare organization.
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Regulatory requirement impacts the patient-centered care within health care organization. First, it discourages operations from unregistered and unqualified personnel in the different healthcare services. They assess and license healthcare facilities and ensure that they meet the set standards that enhance the provision of quality healthcare that is patient-centered. The regulatory also ensure that healthcare facilities maintain and offer quality services as they monitor and assess such facilities frequently to determine the type of services offered. Such activities, thus, have improved patient-centered care because healthcare organization that provides diverse services have to provide quality so that they can prevent the possibility of their healthcare services losing the licenses and permission to operate. Regulatory requirements, thus, have impacted positively on patient-centered care that enhances quality and professionalism in the different healthcare sector such as nurses, doctors, and clinicians among others.
Reimbursement also impacts the healthcare services that are patient-centered. It empowers patients by giving them an alternative to reclaim their money if they are not given quality services as expected by the procedures of the different health care services. It happens mostly in the situation that patient gets injured in the course of accessing the healthcare services as results of negligence acts by the health care providers. They can institute legal challenges as stipulated in the law. Also, the reimbursement provisions in the health care sector have enhanced professionalism and encourage healthcare providers to exercise the highest level of standards that are evidence-based to eliminate the possibly of getting involved in such legal case as they would frame them in a bad light. If a patient might win such cases, there is a high possibility that the health care provider personnel involved might lose their permit and, hence, prevented from practicing. The reimbursement provisions have also ensured that healthcare managers and leaders provide the best available environment for the provision of healthcare services as healthcare providers can also institute or launch reimbursement claims if they get injury or damage as a result of working in an insecure environment. The managers, hence, try to provide the best environment that can prevent such happenings and also they enhance the provision of quality services that are patient-centered (Frampton, Charmel & Guastello, 2013). S
Section B omitted by choice.
C. Identified improvement from the weaknesses below
Patient/Family specific resources in Web portals
The improvement to be provided in patient/ family specific web portals resources need to be regularly updated so that patients/ Family can get information that is current and evidence-based. It should also include portions that patients/ family members with similar healthcare concerns can share their experience on the different healthcare services offered have impacted their lives as well as their opinions on the best way to improve and enhance health care services. Such web portals should enhance interactions between the patients/families as well as other health care providers. The web portals should be able to be accessed from any device such as computers and mobile phones. It enhances information access and sharing as in the contemporary times the use of mobile phones especially smartphones have become a trend, and business and organizations are redesigning their services and information to capture a wider access including the mobile industry to enhance services.
Encouraged access to safe email by clinicians from PF
Clinicians accessing email from patient/family encouragement is in the best interest of the provision of patient-centered care. It would encourage easy response and enhance communication between the clinicians as well as the family/patient that results in improved communication. It would also note and provide necessary information that can allow clinicians to assess on the development of the patients and monitor on the impact that the instituted services have to the patient/ family. There should be strong measures that enhance safety and security access such as strong passwords by the clinicians to reduce the chances of access from unauthorized persons. It considers that some of the information about the patients/family is private and confidential that touches on important aspects such as the diagnosis offered as well as information about their next of kin and their contacts as well as the financial information and payment systems of the patients/family. There should be a review and change of email passwords and access information over a given period to enhance security and access. Also, such email accessed from the patient/ family should be linked to other primary emails of clinicians and they should subscribe or get alerts the moment they get email feedbacks from patient/ family so that they can prioritize and respond to them on time as some might be an emergency and that require an urgent response. They need to set their emails so that they can get alerts even from their mobile phones in case they have emails from patient/ families.
Other staff and clinicians served by patients/ family as educators/Faculty
Clinicians among other healthcare providers such as doctors and nurses learn much from the patients/ family about the developments that occur in the course of giving healthcare services. Many studies and research, therefore, has been conducted that intend to enhance and understand the reasons behind many healthcare concerns and developments. The family/patients, in this case, have actively participated in such studies through direct involvements such as in focus groups discussions, interviews as well as direct participants that the study targets through the various healthcare programs. The improvements to be done in the course of doing such businesses include enhancing professionalism by strictly adhering to research regulations and ethics standards to enhance positive outcomes that can be shared worldwide as a result of the study (Barnsteiner, Disch, Walton & Sigma Theta Tau International, 2014). For example, they need to eliminate biases in choosing participants and give patients/ family member’s equal opportunities to participate in such research projects by encouraging probability sampling methods that eliminate such instances. They also have to get consent from the patients/family before they can conduct such studies to avoid any negative consequences as a result of professional misconduct. There must be improvements, therefore, regarding policies that guide the participation of patients/families as educators for clinicians among other healthcare providers by reviewing the policy and addressing the weaknesses available. For example, the clinicians or other healthcare providers might be compelled to study a certain situation involving the patients/ family even without their consent. It is because the nature of healthcare services at times is challenging and they have to study certain conditions especially in situations that present new or challenging conditions where the patients might not be in a position to give consent such as in an unconscious patient. It creates a dilemma on what to do as they have to study the response of the services given with the objective of improving the healthcare of the patients/ family. Patients/ Educators also need to be trained on the best educational approaches that they can use to ensure that they give out their bests in the process of educating the clinicians and hence need to improve competencies such as communication skills and alternative approaches that different contexts can be delivered in the process of education.
Encourage/Access to use of resource rooms by Family/patients
Resource rooms more often provide specialized treatment in the health care services. The resource room encourages patient -cemented care and improved quality services as the healthcare service is broad and dynamic requiring the establishment of resources rooms in healthcare organizations such as hospitals and dispensaries among others. However, establishing resource room in health care organizations also brings in the question and concern of enough space. If such health care organizations lack enough space, it has compelled the leadership of such institutions to redesign the facilities to create enough space that resource room can be established. It has added additional costs to the management of such institutions. Resources rooms also have been used to enhance specialized training of the patient/ family members as well as hospital staff. The resource room thus has been used to train patients/families with specific challenges son the various strategies and ways that they can employ to enhance and improve their welfare concerning to their health. Patients/ families also with specialized needs have benefited from such facilities as they get specialized treatment such as training and education on the various ways such as preventive steps that they can take to prevent outbreaks of disease and improve their healthcare. Resource room thus might create additional costs for health care organizations that have less space and financial challenges. It also might halt service provision if redesigning actions are taken to create the resource room and might bring dilemma among patients/ family member chosen to use the resource room.
1. Creation of a strategy to address noted weaknesses above in part C
The strategy created would include measures that would address the weakness that results from the processes in the education and information parts of the self-assessment tool to increase patient- centered care. It would include enhancing the information technology hardware and software that would address the noted weakness and improve the safety of information access such reinforced passwords and links to emails of clinicians and alerts systems. Also, creating funds that would enhance expansion programs to create resource rooms and redesign hospital facilities to encourage the creation of such relevant parts in the hospitals that would enhance training and education for both patients/ family as well as health care providers such as clinicians, doctors, and nurses among others staff members.
a. Discussion of how system theory would be in the strategy
I would apply it as I Believe the impact of the actions was done by one part affects the other, thus works as a system. For example, the actions were taken by the patients/ family impact either directly or indirectly the action taken by the health care providers such as clinicians, doctors, and nurses among others. They depend on each other to ensure that they improve and realize the desired goals of patient-centered care. The system theory also would enhance communication and, thus, facilitate addressing the needs of the weaknesses noted in the education or information part. The system theory shows the impacts and effects that one variable has to the rest of the parts and, therefore, it would be the best strategy that would use. It would show all the links and effects that actions taken has to the system such as actions by patients/ families, healthcare providers, managements and administration of the healthcare facilities well, as the financial departments that are supposed to avail funds among other resources to institute desired changes that would enhance patient-centered care (Chang & Ritchie, 2015).
2. Discussion of the financial implications of implementing the strategy.
Implementing the strategy would me additional funds are availed to implement the various actions needed that would ensure the strategy works and enhance access to information and education by the patients/ family as well as the health care providers such as clinicians, doctors, and nurses among others. For example, the creation of resource room in the hospital facility that did not have or the need to expand or redesign a resource room to meet the demands of the healthcare facility related to education and information access might require massive financial availability. Besides, purchases of software and hardware’s that enhances the link and information sharing and access to the patients/ family and with the healthcare providers would also result in t additional costs regarding purchasing them as well as hiring the personnel that would install and maintain such developments related t information technology.
3. Discussion of the methods evaluating the strategy effectiveness
It include follow-up where patients/family members as well, as healthcare providers would respond to questions about their experience in the instituted changes to note if there are improvements that have addressed the noted weakness above in the information and education part of the assessment tool. Therefore I would use research methods that would mainly constitute interviews and focus groups discussions among key participants such as the patients/ family as well as health care providers among other relevant staff members. Secondly, I would analyze the quantitative approaches where I would analyze the number of new clients and compare to the same period n the previous times before implementing the strategies that focused to address the weaknesses. I would also do costs- benefit analysis before implementing the strategy that would ensure that I chose the method available that meets the financial as well as leads to maximum returns in the both the short and long-term periods. I would also encourage auditing from external parties to evaluate the impact that the strategy has so that I can eliminate possible bias that I might have about the impacts of the strategies. A third party would either affirm or refute my views and position about the activities that I would implement to improve education and information access by patients/ family as well as health care providers to improve service delivery that is patient - centered.
D. Creation of a multidisciplinary team that identifies potential members and their roles
The multidisciplinary team that would help me implement the strategy includes the member from the Information Technology department and a member of the financial department. Besides, member from the health care education programs, and representatives of the family/patients that would be chosen scientifically to eliminate chances of bias and hence provide quality information relevant to implementing the strategy and a member of the engineering and design section. The member from the financial department would be able to provide funds and liaise with the financial departments on the funds need to buy both software’s and hardware for the project. They will get the budget from the team and deliver it to the department as well as present the financial position of the organization so that strategies that can be accommodated by the budget are designed and chosen. The member from the engineering department would present the available option is terms of the designing or reconstruction of the resource room and possible estimates regarding costs. The IT person would provide the best available options to implement regarding hardware and software’s that would enhance information access and education programs by all the stakeholders involved that include patients/ family, healthcare providers and management among others. The person from healthcare education would design the education programs especially those offered by the family/patients to the clinicians so that they can train on the best ways to deliver the contents and information they have to realize desired outcomes. The strategy success and implementation thus would be teamwork and not an individual as every member’s contribution would prove relevant (Wick et al., 2015).
1. Discussion of how patient-care is supported by teams cultural diversity .
Diversity is an important aspect in the contemporary times in organization either in the business; political as well as economic, and healthcare organizations are no exception. It supports patient- centered care as with cultural diversity, it implies the possibility of developing multi-lingual programs that enhance access to patient -centered care able to serve a wide or broad patients/ family base irrespective of their racial or ethnic background. It also provides a forum that cultural aspects from many ethnic groups and backgrounds are considered in the strategies designed to improve service delivery. It also presents a wide option regarding competency and professional understanding that results in quality and highly effective strategies that have a high likelihood of success in addressing the noted concerns and weakness related to information and education sections of the assessment guide.
2. The leadership style to use
I would utilize transformation leadership. It is because the leadership styles allow and encourage teamwork and team building making the employee or those involved own the process and thus give their bests in term of productivity to ensure that the project becomes successful. It also ensures that subordinates and those involved in the process give their technical skills and gain recognition from the entire team including their leader. The strategy would work best in the case and enhance the team developed to be effective in every process of the project. Transformational leadership style thus would be chosen among many that exist.
3. How the team works together to implement strategy.
The team would work together by consulting and discussing the best available option to be used in the delivery of the strategy. It would embrace expert knowledge and opinions in various skills and tasks required. For example, it would rely greatly on the advice of the Information Technology person to give them intense advice and recommendations about the best available software and hardware’s that exist that can address the weakness in the information and education part and provide a variety of options. The team then would discuss and chose the option that would work bests and one that would conform to the financial positions of the organization. The persons or the engineering department would also provide the best available advice and option on whether construction a new resource room or redesigning the existing premises and their estimates regarding costs so that the best options are chosen that would enhance patient -centered care according to the strategy. The project would entail having meetings and discussion by the team as well as monitoring and evaluating the development and progress of the project at different state and levels to ensure that the project is on track and counter any possible challenges at the earliest time possible to ensure the team stays on track to deliver the task.
4. Communication of the identified strategy by team
The team shall choose one person that would act as the secretary on all deliberations that they discuss and reach. They should then present them to the leader who shall link and liaise with the management of the healthcare organization regularly to inform them of the progress of the project and development reached at any particular time. The identified strategies shall be discussed at meetings and discussion held by the team and communicates the agreed measures to be taken at any one time relating to the project (Rubenstein et al., 2014). Communication shall be formal between the leadership of the team and administration and management of the healthcare organization as well as between the members themselves during meetings and discussion about the project.
5. Specific tool for assessment of team’s skills
The team’s self-assessment skills shall be developing a checklist of the required skills and competencies by members relevant to the project. The checklists shall entail three important parts that shall determine the team self-assessment skills and hence determine if it suits to deliver the expected tasks through the chosen strategies. They shall include the work content r technical skills, self- management and personal growth skills as well as the leadership skills.
References
Barnsteiner, J. H., Disch, J. M., Walton, M. K., & Sigma Theta Tau International,. (2014). Person- and Family-Centered Care . Indianapolis, IN : Sigma Theta Tau International, Honor Society of Nursing
Chang, A., & Ritchie, C. (2015). Patient-Centered Models of Care: Closing the Gaps in Physician Readiness. JGIM: Journal of General Internal Medicine , 30(7): 870-872.
Frampton, S. B., In Charmel, P. A., & In Guastello, S. (2013). The Putting Patients First Field Guide: Global Lessons in Designing and Implementing Patient-Centered Care . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Brand.
Rubenstein, L., Stockdale, S., Sapir, N., Altman, L., Dresselhaus, T., Salem-Schatz, S., & ... Yano, E. (2014). A Patient-Centered Primary Care Practice Approach Using Evidence-Based Quality Improvement: Rationale, Methods, and Early Assessment of Implementation. Inflammopharmacology , 2(9):589-597
Wick, E. C., Galante, D. J., Hobson, D. B., Benson, A. R., Lee, K. K., Berenholtz, S. M., & ... Wu, C. L. (2015). Organizational Culture Changes Result in Improvement in Patient-Centered Outcomes: Implementation of an Integrated Recovery Pathway for Surgical Patients. Journal of the American College of Surgeons , 221(3): 669-677.
