The measurement format used by the researchers was called “CNPISS” which when written in full is “the Caring-Nurse-Patient Interaction Short Scale”. It is quantitative in nature and has a 5-point scale that ranges from almost never to almost always. The lowest score indicated a lower frequency of performing caring practices while the highest score showed the highest frequency of the execution of caring practices.
Level of measurement for data collected in questionnaire one. Rationale provided
Using the CNPISS scale, the level of measurement in the first questionnaire was interval measure. The data collected using the interval measurement can be placed in a series that contains numbers and that equal distances between them. The distance between each number on the scale offers important information.
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Subscale included in the CNPISS and their relevance
The subscales were comforting, clinical and relational care. Humanistic care was not included because humanism is mirrored in the contents of the other three subscales.
These subscales were of importance because they gauged the diverse features of nursing care. This showed how the nurses felt about the various subscales of nursing where in some their feelings were strong and in others they were not.
Subscale with the lowest mean and its indication
Relational subscale had the lowest mean of 2.90. This pointed out that the nurses were less probable to execute caring practices that are relational. These practices involve dialogue and rapport with the patients.
Dispersion results for Relational Care subscale for the Caring Practices in Table 2.
The dispersion results showed the relational subscale mean as 2.90 and its Standard Deviation as 1.01. The observed range was 1.00 - 5.00.
Indication: The scores obtained from the responses ranged from 1-5. These results indicated that the majority of the responses given by the nurses were around 2.90 plus or minus 1.01.
Lowest dispersion or variation. Provide rationale for the answer.
The subscale with the lowest dispersion of scores was the Clinical care. This is attributed to its range that had the lowest difference between 2.44 to 5 which are the lowest and the highest values. The 0.57 standard deviation obtained was the smallest. This therefore means the there is a narrower distribution of the samples chosen around the mean.
Subscale with the highest mean.
The subscale with the highest mean was Comfort care. Its mean was 4.08.
Indication: This means that the mean value for the comfort care subscale frequency, or roughly half of the size of the sample in a distribution that is standard would be found around 4.08.
Comparing Overall rating for Organizational Climate with Overall rating for Caring Practices
The Caring Practices’ overall rating had mean of 3.62 and a standard deviation of 0.66. The observed range was 1.95-5.00 while the observed range for the Organizational Climate was 1.75-4.67. The mean and standard deviation of the Organizational Climate are 3.13 and 0.56 respectively. The difference in the means does not allow for direct comparison of the values since the scales used measure different outcomes.
Indication: The Organizational Climate had a smaller standard deviation compared to Caring Practice which indicates a narrower distribution as compared to the Caring Practices. The small standard deviation is as a result of the smaller difference between the observed range of the Organizational Climate. The means indicated that the responses given by the nurses are around 3.13 +/- 0.56 for the Organizational Climate and around 3.62 +/- 0.66 for the Caring Practices.
Is 45% response rate a study strength or limitation? Provide rationale for the answer.
The response rate obtained in the study is a limitation. It is a limitation because it introduces biasness in the sample chosen. The 55% that did not respond may or may not have their own thoughts and ideas that could be of significance to the study.
Conclusions made regarding the caring practices of the nurses and their effects of the study.
The conclusion made is that the characteristics of the roles of nurses had the strongest association with the frequency of the performance of nurses obtained from the Caring Practices. Relational care had a low frequency as compared to the other aspects of nursing care.
Effect: They affect health practices because the information obtained could be used in the identification of weakness and strengths in the care of patients.
