Observation refers to the collection of data without asking questions. As compared to communication, observation of simplistic phenomena is an effective and quick way of data collection with a minimal intrusion. Observation does not require a well-tailored and extensive training regime for the surveyed workforce if the observation simple. It does not require interpretation, for instance, the number of buses driving through an intersection per hour (Hustedt, Franklin & Tate, 2019). For simple observation, the infrastructure obligation and the time for preparation are minimal. The dynamics of the situation can be determined using observation, which generally can be measured through communication. Additionally, it can be combined with additional information, for example, videos.
Comparing and Contrasting The Main Methods of Administering Questionnaires.
Questionnaires can be administered using several ways. This includes:
Face to Face
The outcomes of face to face methods may not be as truthful or candid as online or written surveys since it is the most personal method. Rather than an interrogation, it is conducted like a conversation. In terms of material used, these questionnaires may be the cheapest, but they consume a lot of time. They require mutual entry and aggregation of data for further analysis, like written questionnaires.
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Online
The online method takes extra work to sep up. They also have the aptitude to export data to a spreadsheet for further inquiry. These questionnaires produce the most limited replies unless they include fields for the user to enter additional comments.
Phone
The phone survey is conducted in two ways. The corporation may call the questionnaire participants to ask them queries, or the caller may use a toll-free number and respond to the questions using a touch-tone telephone. Similar to a face-to-face method, a phone questionnaire is conducted like a conversation rather than an interrogation. The phone questionnaires are the most expensive technique, and they require aggregation of data.
Written
This is the most straightforward technique. The user is required to write replies to the questions. The written questionnaires are a good option for the individuals who better communicate in writing as approved to orally and who are comfortable with technology. This requires the aggregation of data. A person needs to transcribe answers into the database, depending on the intended use.
Reference
Hustedt, B., Franklin, J., & Tate, N. (2019). Data Collection Methods Used to Maximize Response Rates on NCES Postsecondary Surveys. New Directions for Institutional Research , 2019 (181), 9-20.
