The most significant cause of deaths globally among newborns is premature births that occur before 37 weeks. However, through a rigorous research, scientists have managed to develop a functional artificial womb. An artificial womb is an external artificial uterus that can support the whole process of gestation from implantation to delivery ( Robertson, 2016) . The ‘ biobag, ’ as it is widely known, is a significant step from the ordinary incubators that can support a premature fetus of 22 to 24 weeks. Children born before they the 23 rd week of the pregnancy have a higher mortality rate, higher than 50% and the possibility of them developing significant complications such as cerebral palsy, blindness or mental impairment is also high ( Abecassis, 2016) .
In 2016, researchers at Cambridge University managed to keep a human embryo for thirteen days outside a womb using a mixture of nutrients that resemble conditions in the womb. The technology is propelling us to the “Brave New World” ( Robertson, 2016). An artificial womb is changing society. For some people, an artificial womb has brought freedom of choice and equality.
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The presence of artificial wombs will save the lives of premature babies. For those people who were worried about the invasion process their babies may encounter in the incubator, this is the right procedure to use to have babies again. Moreover, there will be a safer alternative pregnancy and childbirth ( Robertson, 2016) . The biobag offers a superb environment for the fetus to grow because it provides an optimum temperature, sound, nutrients and ample space for movements. The bag will eliminate risks of alcohol or drugs.
Artificial wombs will maximize the positive impacts and reduce the pain that is caused when children are placed in incubators, where they undergo invasive procedures ( Robertson, 2016) . Therefore, from the utilitarianism concepts, it is morally right to use artificial wombs since it liberates the best consequences. The utilitarian theory is based on making a moral decision by selecting an option that will give the best outcomes for many people. The artificial womb is coherent with the utilitarian concepts because it supports the life of embryos and the fetus which doctors believed cannot be saved.
On the other hand, critics posit that biobags bring pain to the parents and the growing baby. From this view, parents will not have direct contact with the baby because the plastic bag machine provides all the necessities of growth, just like the healthy womb ( Abecassis, 2016) . Despite this ethical dilemma of this scary machine, these parents have only two options to choose from. First, they either decide their baby be put in an incubator which is invasive or they go for the non-invasive procedure, which is the biobag.
Another argument is on the role of motherhood. Raising a baby using a biobag may weaken the principal purpose of the mother to carry a baby in the uterus. Also, the infants will not receive respects like other babies who are carried in the womb. This claim posits that the infants will be viewed as a thing. The biobag is meant to offer support to the fetus and not to create one ( Abecassis, 2016 ). The biobag only supports an extremely preterm baby who was initially developing in a female uterus. The artificial bag does not replace the role of the uterus. Instead, the plastic bag ensures that the process that had started in the womb is accomplished.
In conclusion, I believe that this innovation is for the public good. Globally, many people live in loneliness and regrets because they never had a chance to save their baby from a miscarriage. Artificial bags will make those people who choose the bags to feel grateful that their babies have a second chance to grow healthy and safe.
References
Abecassis, M. (2016). Artificial wombs: the third era of human reproduction and the likely impact on French and US law. Hastings Women's LJ , 27 , 3.
Robertson, J. A. (2016). Other women's wombs: uterus transplants and gestational surrogacy. Journal of Law and the Biosciences , 3 (1), 68-86.
