Bacon claims that “axioms duly and orderly formed from particulars easily discover the way to new particulars, and thus render sciences active.” Thus, Bacon is trying to say that the law of nature and science is something that is yet to be searched out and understood Claiming otherwise is a major injustice to sciences and philosophy. Bacon claims that if an axiom is properly and clearly formed, then it will keep finding new particulars. Therefore, science is something active that keeps evolving with time. Paul Feyerabend respond to Bacon’s claim by stating that the idea that science can be run on the basis of some universal and fixed rules is malicious and unrealistic. First, it is unrealistic to view man’s talents and the situations that encourage his development so simply. Also, it is malicious for trying to enforce binding rules onto humanity ("Paul Feyerabend's Against Method", 2017). Descartes adds to this discussion of method in his article, “the passions of the soul.” He claims that science keeps changing, and these changes happen because of a passion. The result of that ‘passion’ is an ‘action’ (2017).
There are a couple of passages from Bacon's Novum Organum where Bacon refers to specific social cognitive shortcuts. In passage LIV Bacon states that “ Men become attached to certain particular sciences and speculations, either because they fancy themselves the authors and inventors thereof, or because they have bestowed the greatest pains upon them and become most habituated to them.” The cognitive shortcut in play in this case is memory. Man tends to remain inclined to his past achievements or pains, and these determine his habits and actions.
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Passage XXXI states that, ‘ Man, being the servant and interpreter of Nature, can do and understand so much and so much only as he has observed in fact or in thought of the course of nature. Beyond this he neither knows anything nor can do anything. ’ The cognitive shortcut in play in this case is attention, where Bacon calls upon mankind to pay attention to nature, because through this, one will have a clearer course of action ("Francis Bacon: Novum Organum (1620)", 2017).
References
Francis Bacon: Novum Organum (1620) . (2017). Constitution.org . Retrieved 4 March 2017, from http://www.constitution.org/bacon/nov_org.htm
Paul Feyerabend's Against Method . (2017). Marxists.org . Retrieved 4 March 2017, from https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/feyerabe.htm
(2017). Retrieved 4 March 2017, from http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/descartes1649part1.pdf
