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head: UNIT III: BLOOD TYPING
Unit III: Blood Typing
Q.1
A patient with O+ blood lacks the ABO antigens. Their blood is incapable of producing either the A or B antigens, a condition which makes it possible for them to donate blood to any other blood type. Since the current patient’s blood is positive for Rhesus factor, he/she has the Rh antigen.
Q.2
A patient whose blood type is O+ can only receive a donation from donors with O+ and O- negative blood types. The O+ blood type means that it lacks the A and B antigens but possess the Rh factor. On the other hand, O- means that the patient can receive blood from which tests negative for A, B, and the Rh factor antigens. In fact, the patient is at advantage as O+ is one of the most common blood types.
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Q.3
A patient with blood type A+ has both the A antigen and the Rh factor.
Q.4
The patient with blood type A+ can receive blood donations from individuals with A+, A-, O+, and O-. The patient can receive blood from A+ and A- because the antigens present in both are compatible with that of her blood. She can receive from the O blood group because it lacks antigens that can cause reactions that can result in internal clotting of the blood cells. In fact, such a condition makes the O a universal donor when the Rh factor is kept constant.
Q.5
The third patient’s blood possesses both the A and B antigens. However, since the patient is Rh-, the blood lacks the Rhesus factor antigen.
Q.6
Notably, the patient with blood type AB- can only receive blood from donors with AB-, A-, B-, and O-. Having both A and B markers means that the patient’s blood type is compatible blood types that either having matching antigens or lack any of the two.
Q.7
AB+ is the universal blood recipient. Patients with AB+ blood group are compatible with any of the other blood types and therefore, determination of blood type before transfusion is unnecessary.
Q.8
People with O- negative blood type can donate to individuals with any other blood type.
Q.9
People with O blood type cannot receive cannot receive donations from any other blood. The inability results from the fact that their blood possesses anti-A and Anti-B antibodies. The anti-A and anti-B antibodies, once transfused with blood type O will react with A and B antigens and cause coagulation of the red blood cells; a condition can cause death of the patients.
Q.10
A patient with Rh- blood cannot receive Rh+ blood without rejecting it. Once the Rh+ blood is transfused into the blood system of the patient, his blood will perceive the proteins in it as antigen and trigger an immune response aimed resisting it. In other words, the body would develop antibodies aimed at ejecting the alien proteins in the body and thus, create an unsafe resistance which could be catastrophic to the patient.
