Definition and Background Data
Calciphylaxis is a medical condition that is very uncommon. The disease is a result high calcium in the tiny blood vessels of the body. The containers are mainly the ones for the fat and tissues of the skin. The condition results in the blood clotting, development of skin ulcers, which are usually painful. An individual suffering from Calciphylaxis typically has kidney failure, and in most instances, they have to undergo dialysis of a kidney transplant. Statistics and Risk Factors
Studies indicate that the prevalence rate for Calciphylaxis i s 3.5 incidents for every 1000 patients ( Zoccali and Mallamaci, 2018). T he disease is common among patient’s suffering from ESRD for the severe hemodialysis (Nigwekar, 2018). The disease prognosis is low, with a mortality rate of one year between 45 and 80%. The risk factors for the condition can either be demographic or comorbidities. For the demographics, it is common among the Caucasians and the females. For the comorbidities, the disease is present among those with kidney conditions, obesity, and type II diabetes.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
Pathophysiology
Normal System Anatomy and Physiology
C alciphylaxis is a result of the abnormalities in the blood clotting factors that stop bleeding. There is a reduction of blood flow by injuries on the endothelial and the creation of the microthrombi (Plumb and Westphal, 2020). The two processes make the lumen of the blood vessel narrows, which creates changes in the ulceration. Functional Changes
Clinical Presentation
C linically, there is a presentation of very painful lesions. In addition to the lesion, some patches and plaques equally appear. The most common is the bullae, that progresses towards the necrotic ulcers will affect the legs, buttocks, and abdomen. Equally, there is an end-stage for renal diseases and also a version of hyperparathyroidism. The diagnosis of Calciphylaxis is done through a deep biopsy, which will show the classification of the tiny blood vessels. Treatment of Calciphylaxis requires a multidisciplinary approach. However, morbidity and mortality are still high. Disease progression
T he causes and modules that lead to the development of Calciphylaxis are still unclear to many researchers. However, the disease's progression can be fatal if not handled with care and immediate response upon diagnosis. The condition may progress to other kidney diseases that leading to kidney failure. Also, the disease can go into ulcers, requiring extra medication, implying additional cost.
Current Trends in Care and Treatment
The unavailability of enough information on Calciphylaxis makes it had to have a clear guideline for treatment. However, there are new treatment trends that mainly focus on reducing phosphorus consumption by people. But there are low incidences of the disease, which makes the treatment trend lack sufficient evidence to support the management of the disease. The current research on the treatment of Calciphylaxis focuses on hemodialysis patients. A study by Zoccali and Mallamaci (2018) aims and using warfarin in the arterial fibrillation. The reason for using warfarin is the main component of the various thrombotic incidences in the body and that makes it suitable for the investigation.
Current Sensitive Care
The primary culturally sensitive care for Calciphylaxis is gathering information and creating trust in the community. There is stigmatization in the society towards those suffering from Calciphylaxis. Cultural groups are working towards reducing the stigma through sensitization and assisting people to seek medical attention. Another sensitive care for the condition is pain management. Analgesics are key in the reduction of the pain. There is also the strategy of removing the necrosis wound to hasten the healing.
References
Nigwekar, S. (2018) . Calciphylaxis. Journal of Current Opinion Nephrology Hypertension, 26 (4), 276-281.
Plumb, T. & Westphal, S. (2020). Calciphylaxis. StatPearls Publishing LLC, Treasure Island (FL). Print.
Zoccali, C., & Mallamaci, F. (2018) . A New Treatment for Calciphylaxis in Hemodialysis Patients. American Journal of Nephrology, 48 (1), 165-167.
