The article tries to recognize the complexity of the interface between medicine and psychiatry in dealing with patients. Delirium results from an underlying medical disorder, alcohol withdrawal delirium, substance intoxication, and medication due to reversible baseline cognition changes. It is a medical emergency that needs immediate action regardless of its duration. It can affect the quality of life if it is not promptly identified and can lead to increased cost, long term cognitive disorders, and prolonged hospitalization (Bennet, 2019). This article discusses nursing interventions, early identification, and treatment that reduce the life span of delirium. Patients in the intensive care unit with underlying delirium disorders are at a higher risk for prolonged self-intubation. The act of discharging a delirium patient to another institution places the patient at great risk and can lead to death; this is because delirium affects hospitalized people in most cases.
Treating delirium is based on the cause, and treatment includes electrolytes and antibiotics for an infection. The total percentage of patients who had positive delirium screening can be defined as delirium prevalence. The percentage is used to illustrate how the clinician help in fighting the disorder. Nurses have a role to over and deliver optimal and practices for patients' care in the rural health care system. Delirium lessens the ability to shift and sustain attention from different sources, delays orientation to the environment, disturbs perception, and thinking (Bennet, 2019). Understanding the pathophysiology of delirium is not well recognized, which places patients at high risk. Disturbance in the neurotransmitters purposes the development of the disorder among the patients. Advanced age is some of the predisposing agents which can lead to delirium complications to the individual. The implementation of the ABCDE bundles is a proper means of managing and prevention delirium in patients. Nurses should always be encouraging delirium patients to rest and help to prevent the situation from worsening.
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The article suggests that multidisciplinary measures to preserve and improve breathing and awakening coordination should be incorporated to reduce patients' risks. To minimize or prevent delirium prevalence, the nurse should incorporate ABCDE bundle components to prevent severe cases. Though the data demonstrating the effectiveness of ABCDE is minimal, but it is the best way to deal with the disorder. A nurse plays a vital role in identifying delirium in patients because they prove care to the patients and are always around the patient's bedside. The medical presentation of delirium differs from one patient to another and can be classified as a mixed level of activity, hyperactive, or hypoactive.
Patients with hyperactive delirium display anxiety, hallucinations, agitation, and restlessness behaviors. Patients with hypoactive delirium are overlooked because signs are more delicate. Individuals with mixed levels display fluctuations in both hypoactive and hyperactive behaviors. Clinicians and nurses may use evidence-based screening tools for the purpose of identifying delirium in various health facilities (Bennet, 2019). Interventions based on the evince-based, no pharmacologic should be directed to patients in the health care systems. Providing a supportive and safe environment, closely monitoring crucial signs of delirium, and monitoring lab results are among the assessment tests. The nurses should carry out delirium treatment and tests to ensure the safe care of the patient. The health care personnel should assess baseline cognition to obtain the source of the patient’s delirium using specific therapy.
There is no approved medication for delirium, as per the article dictates. Prevention and treatment of delirium should be initiated using different means to identify curable measures. For effective reduction of delirium disorders, one should always adopt the ABCDE bundle to place patients in better positions regarding their health issues. The gathered information can be used in the future to teach these practices as a nurse in various ways to use to care for delirium patients.
Reference
Bennett, C. (2019). Caring for patients with delirium. Nursing2019 , 49 (9), 17-20.
