Caring Corrupted: The Killing Nurses of the Third Reich
The purpose of the video was to discuss the events in the holocaust and understand how nurses and physicians aided in the mass killings. The Nazis euthanized people that were too sick or disabled to contribute to society. Hitler’s plan thus involved eugenics which involved sterilization of people that were disabled or sick (“Cizik School of Nursing”, 2017). Physicians participated in research where Jews were used as lab rats to make soldiers fit for war and provide better treatment for their wounds. The ultimate result was a mass genocide and the nurses and physicians were at the center of the mass killings.
The video raises an essential point that viewers should reflect on the ethical violations in medical care and research and consider its implications today. During the holocaust, nurses defied their ethical compass and lost their professional responsibility. The excuse was that they were following orders and their research would help the human race. However, they later faced trials and charges of war crimes. Human research awareness should not blindly following orders but should seek to upload dignity by all means.
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Research Ethics
The video discusses the history of ethics in medical research and analyzed various policies developed to protect human subjects. Unethical practices in medical research took place in the Nazi experiments and the Tuskegee syphilis study (Delton Daigle, 2014). The events led to establishing the Nuremberg Code, the Belmont Report, and the Common Rule.
The vital point in the video was to understand why various policies that guide medical research were created. Before those policies, researchers conducted unethical and dangerous experiments that led to the death of participants. The establishment of the various codes ensured that researchers maintained their integrity and it protected participants' lives.
Belmont Report Part 1
The video discusses the Belmont Report by identifying its purpose and summarizing it. The report identifies three ethical principles: respect for persons, beneficence, and justice (“Irbmed”, 2011). The video discusses these terms in detail and summarizes the principles as stated in the Belmont Report.
The most critical point in the video is the discussion of ethical principles. When conducting human research, observing the three principles is central to maintaining the dignity of the participants. Every experiment and study should follow the principles and never violate any of the guidelines.
Belmont Report Part 2
The purpose of the video was to discuss how researchers can apply various ethical principles. The application is through informed consent, risk/benefit ratio, and selection of human subjects (“Irbmed”, 2011). Respect for persons should be applied through informed consent. Researchers should also conduct a careful assessment of the risks and benefits of the results. The selection of human participants should promote societal and individual justice.
The critical point in the video is the analysis of risks and benefits. In previous unethical experiments, the researchers failed to consider their research risks, leading to the research participants' mistreatment. Other violations were informed consent and a biased selection of human subjects.
IRB (Institutional Review Board)
The video discusses the history of the IRB system, how it functions, and its purpose. The IRBs can make recommendations to improve research by following the principles in the Belmont report. The Johns Hopkins Medicine (2015) has six IRB committees that ensure researchers follow the research guidelines.
The most important point in the video is that it discusses the current approach taken by institutions to protect participants' safety in research. Apart from merely having a committee that approves research, organizations also monitor researchers to ensure that they follow guidelines. Such monitoring can be done through random inspections of informed consent forms. Researchers and organizations thus strive to ascertain that all aspects of their research protect human subjects.
References
Cizik School of Nursing. (2017, February 24). Caring Corrupted - The Killing Nurses of the Third Reich. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rz8ge4aw8Ws
Delton Daigle. (2014, May 29). Research Ethics involving Human Subjects . [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-O5gsF5oyls
Irbmed. (2011, October 11). The Belmont Report (Part One: Basic Ethical Principles). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86zWBjDaXPk
Irbmed. (2011, October 11). The Belmont Report (Part Two: Applying the Principles). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cIafASIIU70
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2015, October 8). Guiding Principles of Institutional Review Boards (IRB). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFik0of3iUM
