The Risk-need-responsivity model is an outline used to assess and treat criminal offenders. It is based on the principles that behavior is predictable, unmet needs result in criminal behavior and the different responses to treatment. Research has identified the central eight as predictors for recurrence of criminal behavior. The purpose of this paper is to outline the central eight risk factors and discuss prevention of recurrence.
The central eight risk factors care divided into moderate factors such as education/employment, substance abuse, marital status, lack of recreational hobbies that have a moderate predictive value, while; antisocial personality pattern, criminal behavior, attitudes and a peer group that favors criminal activities have a stronger criminal predictive value.(Van Horn et al., 2018).
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Upon assessing the risk factors, an intervention specialist could target a specific component. Antisocial Personality Disorder requires appropriate evaluation of mental disorders to diagnose the subtype and comorbidities. As research shows that this disorder is highly prevalent among most inmates, close monitoring of the individual after incarceration coupled with continued cognitive behavioral therapy may be the best approach in reducing recidivism (Kramer, 2016).
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can prove effective in an individual with a previous criminal record and/or a history of substance abuse. The interventional specialist may assess the reason for the initial offenses and apply Rational Emotive Behavior therapy to change misguiding belief systems. This offered with rehabilitation would prove beneficial as most mental disorders occur as comorbidities of drug abuse (Hauser, Saum &Hiller, 2019)
In targeting socially related risks such as an antisocial peer group, dysfunctional families or lack of a vocation, a better reward system intervention can be implemented such as professional work training with decent pay as well as a recommendation on records allowing them to re-enter society (Pavelkova & Zachova, 2019).
References
Houser, K. A., Saum, C. A., & Hiller, M. L. (2019). Mental health, substance abuse, co-occurring disorders, and 3-year recidivism of felony parolees. Criminal Justice and Behavior , 46 (9), 1237-1254.
Kramer, D. (2016). Does treatment based on cognitive behavioral principles reduce recidivism risk in patients diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder? (Master's thesis).
Pavelková, J., & Dohnal Zachová, L. (2019). The Integration of Persons Released from Prison into the Labour Market in the Czech Republic. Postmodern Openings/Deschideri Postmoderne , 10 (1).
van Horn, J. E., Eisenberg, M., Souverein, F. A., & Kraanen, F. (2018). The predictive value of the Central Eight criminogenic risk factors: A multi-group comparison of dually diagnosed violent offenders with other subgroups of violent offenders. J Addict Addictv Disord , 5 , 014.
