The Goal of Management of Common Cold is Symptomatic Relief and Not Treatment of The Underlying Condition
Symptomatic relief is attained by the use of decongestants, antihistamines, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to relieve pain. No need for antibiotics. This is because it is caused by a wide array of viruses, namely Rhinoviruses and other Enteroviruses, Influenza viruses, Coronaviruses, Adenoviruses, Parainfluenza viruses, Respiratory syncytial virus, among others. With its already huge burden both economically and socially, trying to isolate the causative agents for any episode will be extremely expensive, as, in the end, antiviral agents do not help much. The infections are usually self-limiting within 7 to 10 days (Thomas & Koutsothanasis, 2020) .
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Management of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis is Usually Treated with Antibiotics Namely Amoxi-Clavulanic Acid Based on Severity of Symptoms Although its Use is Not a Must
This is because some studies have shown no shortening of the course of infection and the proven fact that some cases resolve on their own. When various antibiotics are given, then amoxicillin-clavulanate is the first line. Other agents that can be used include doxycycline and respiratory fluoroquinolones. The use of macrolides should proceed with caution as there is increasing rates of resistance in the case of Haemophilus influenza, one of the most prevalent causative agent in addition to Streptococcus pneumoniae. When it lasts for more than 12 weeks, acute sinusitis becomes chronic, which is usually polymicrobial in nature, and this needs a much fuller spectrum of antibiotics, including the third-generation cephalosporins (cefuroxime) in addition to the already mentioned amoxiclav and quinolones (Internal Medicine, 2020). The therapy course should be three to six weeks.
References
Internal Medicine 15: 50-year-old male with cough and nasal congestion. (2020). Aquifer.
Thomas, M., & Koutsothanasis, G. (2020). UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION. Retrieved from https://www.statpearls.com/kb/viewarticle/30801
