Introduction
How the Columbine shooting cameshootings did not come as a surprise school shooting in the United States as it is registered as the fourth deadliest attacks on schools.
The young adult culprits who were also students at the same school did not wake up one day and decide to shoot to kill twelve students and one teacher and murder themselves. Violent actions can be linked to various scientific reasons.
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Scientific view of explanation;
violent actions such as shooting that occurred at Columbine school are caused by various mental issues such as stress.
stress causes mental torture and bad feeling (Sanchez, 2018).
On the contrary, the students had recorded on a video they made before killing themselves saying that they were getting back at people who had isolated and ridiculed them.
Reason for shooting;
wanted to get revenge for the harassment they had endured for years and the inability to gain acceptance in various cliques.
Justification from students; ascertained that they had made endless jokes on the two male students in an attempt to make them act ‘normal.’
In relation to the brain anatomy, we can have some glimpse of what could have triggered the actions of killing in these students. As a result of this ruthless killing, schools stringent zero-tolerance policies to ensure the safety of learning environments.
In regard to the criminal justice system for their response to the Columbine shooting, the proportions of people detained for violent crimes increased.
Due to the increase in crime, people arrested for violent crimes were not let free by paying bonds as this act did not end offense but instead fueled it (Brookes, 2016).
The measures of approaching an active shooting were modified. Police would no longer prioritize placing a perimeter in a crime before contacting the assailants.
Review of the Literature
Tactics used by police officers in containing criminal acts in action
follow the sound of the gun rather than fence the crime scene.
Drawbacks: This gives the offenders more time to do more harm.
With trained officers, law enforcers approach a crime scene and use particular formations to arrest the offenders.
Correction measures after the Columbine shooting;
law enforcement introduced rapid deployment to enable them to interdict the shooter (Sanchez, 2018).
Past trends on shootings in schools.
What offenders do: make threats, which if could be reported to by authorities, could be used to prevent school massacres.
FBI researchers state, “threats of violence are potentially a problem at any school” (Sanchez, 2018). FBI encourages schools to have a fair and ration means to approach to threats in schools as they can result in actual shootings and killings.
By assessing a danger rather than enforcing a stringent zero policy, authorities can better understand the content and the meaning of any risk meant hence preventing a potential active shooting.
More measures by police: not only eliminate cases of active shooters but also prevent them from occurring, schoolings should adopt the use of security or school resource officers.
These are security personnel, trained by the Department of Justice, to deter any crime incidents or respond to crises in a school setting (Jonson, 2017).
After the Columbine school incident, law enforcement has not been the only issue that requires improvement (Brookes, 2016). Gun control became a central issue as well as security measures in schools.
The perspective that is yet to change is who is to take responsibility for criminal actions taken by students in a school setting.
Synopsis of the Literature Review
Effects of shootings in schools; they are deadly, they happen unexpectedly, and hard to control unless people in authority devise better measures to address it.
methods used to ensure safety in schools, but others are better suited.
assessment of a threat is a better intervention strategy than constant profiling of students and stringent zero-tolerance policies.
The criminal justice system has also improved on its means of approaching and resolving school shooting incidents after the Columbine massacre.
More measures that ensure student safety in schools, these are;
use of security resource officers
strict gun control policies
improvement in school infrastructure as a measure against hostility and crimes in schools.
Theoretical Framework
The major problem:
inability to predict school shootings
the main aim of the research;
to tackle the main aspects that necessitate safety in a school environment. These include;
-the control actions of the criminal justice system (law enforcement)
-school authorities
-parents
-students.
References
Brockes, E. (2016). “My Son, the Columbine High School Shooter: ‘a Mother is Supposed to
Know.’” Theguardian.com . Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/us- news/2016/feb/14/mother-supposed-know-son-columbine-sue-klebold
Jonson, C. L. (2017). Preventing school shootings: The effectiveness of safety measures. Victims
& Offenders , 12 (6), 956-973.
Sanchez, R. (2018). “How Columbine Changed the Way Police Respond to Mass Shooting.”
Cnn.com . Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2018/02/15/us/florida-school-shooting-columbine-lessons/index.html
