Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the communicable viruses of the herpes family. The virus can be spread by contacting the infected person's fluid. The disease can also be spread from a mother to their child; about ten to fifteen percent of CMV children have physical and neurological problems. The principal receivers of the infection are the children and people with low immunity. Prevention of the infections is through hygienic measures, following routine practices and wearing gloves while dealing with people's fluids.
Enteric diseases involve hepatitis A, cryptosporidiosis, norovirus and others. HCW's who takes food or drink in nursing areas are more prone to the foodborne gastrointestinal infection. Good hygiene is also a preventive measure for this infection. Restriction is not necessary for the people exposed to infection unless in case of acute disease. However, exclusion is essential for patients with norovirus, E.coli 0157: H7, hepatitis A, and salmonella.
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Herpes and simplex virus (HSV) is a very common virus with 50-90 percent of adults being infected with the virus. The main mode of transmission is direct contact with the infected person's fluids. The infection is not reportable to the medical officers.
Influenza is another communicable disease. The infection is common during the influenza season (April- November). Pregnant women have the highest risk of being affected by the disease. In the case of an influenza outbreak, people infected should remain out of work until the period of communicability is over. During the outbreak, people should be immunized, and those who do not are exposed to health risks.
Invasive meningococcal disease is characterized by vomiting, headache, fever, and nausea. The disease is communicable through secretion from the mouth, and nose or exposure to mucus membrane. If one is exposed to the disease, they should be given antimicrobial prophylaxis within twenty-four hours.
Reference
Cividimo, M. (2018). Communicable disease prevention and management Oohna Journal .
