Scholars tend to support classical experimental design because they enhance validity process through the random allocation of the units, sample, and uses a clear way to undertake the experiment. The variations that may exist following these experiments can be explained based on the groups formed since it targets a defined aspect. Clinical and psychology researches are likely to use the classical experimental design. The design also allows pilot or pre-test thus enhancing understanding and better formulation of the study to improve validity and reliability. However, these advantages do not seem to suit sociology and criminology studies with the claims that it limits the broad dimension of the studies.
These researches claim that randomized experimental designs are impractical and also raises ethical concerns. Criminologists tend to argue that use of randomized experiments is likely to cause ethical issues on the reason they were chosen for such researches. The problem of being targets may arise, and the studies also limit the social aspects since this researches must enable capturing of the complex social elements and use past data and statics to prove their results. Time and financial constraints are also crucial factors that make them unsuitable to use the randomized experimental designs. Lastly, there are claims that the randomized experimental designs reduce the quality of the study because they limit the ability to maximize the methodological class that needs to include all factors such as behavior, poverty, politics, education, and family among other social aspects.
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Criminologists like their sociologists tend to employ non-randomized experiments designs since they use statistical data as their primary data, which allows them to factor in the complex social aspects of the community at hand. The design does not require a definite problem or process thus making it possible to include other issues that may arise during the study. Lastly, the design allows the researchers to limit ethical problems that are a hindrance in randomized experimental designs.
