The digestive disorder that I have chosen is constipation. In simple terms, constipation refers to the condition of the digestive system which makes one have hard feces which are not easy to expel. Often, this occurs in cases where the large intestine absorbs too much water from the food present in the colon (Bellini et al., 2017). When there is a slow movement of food along the digestive tract, more water gets to be absorbed from the food. As a result, feces become hard and dry.
There several causes of constipation. Lack of fiber in the diet is one of the most common causes. Fiber helps in promoting bowel movement thus preventing constipation (Wald, 2016). People who consume food with fiber are less likely to be constipated. Another common cause of constipation is lack of physical activity. People who are physically inactive are more likely to suffer from constipation. Physical activity helps in keeping metabolism rate to be high thus enhancing the bowel movements (Bellini et al., 2017). Blockages in the rectum or colon can stop or even lower movements of the stool. The blockages can be caused by several factors including bowel obstruction, anal fissure, colon cancer, rectal cancer amongst many other causes. Not drinking of enough water on a frequent basis is another cause of constipation. When the condition is already existing, then taking water may not help. However, when one takes enough water regularly then one is less likely to suffer from constipation. Sodas and other drinks should be avoided by individuals who are suffering from constipation since they contain caffeine which causes dehydration and worsens constipation (Bellini et al., 2017).
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Difficulty and increased straining when passing feces are the main symptom of constipation. Other symptoms include feeling nauseous and bloated, stomach cramps, losing appetite, and stomach ache.
Treatment of constipation include changes in lifestyle such as eating more fiber, engaging in more physical activity and drinking more water. Laxatives can also be used to treat constipation (Wald, 2016). Even so, laxatives should be carefully used only when necessary. In some cases, one may need prescription medication. It is important that one understands the cause of constipation since sometimes it may be caused by an illness or condition.
Quality diet plays a significant role in the treatment of constipation. Diet with fiber foods and plenty of water largely helps in preventing constipation (Wald, 2016). Foods with no fiber should be avoided when one is suffering from constipation. Such foods include those with high fat like eggs, meat, and cheese
Student 1: As time has advanced, our understanding of mental capabilities and health has greatly expanded. We have found that not only does diet affect our mental health and declination, but it does so to such a significant degree that it can decrease cognitive decline in older individuals. It is because of this reaction to nutritional foods that healthier regions of the world are, now more than ever able, to live longer lives while retaining their mental capabilities (Smyth et al., 2015). Japan, specifically, is praised heavily for their average diet. Consisting mostly of fish, rice, beans, and other grains as opposed to unhealthy foods like red meat, the Japanese diet is renowned for its potential health benefits. It is promi9997ven that parts of the Japanese diet have improved or maintained cognitive ability, improved ability to sleep, and the diet has been thought to improve symptoms of depression in both adults and children (Koga, Kiso, Kubo, Kusumi, Musashi& Ohkubo, 2016).
Nutrition largely affects many facets of an individual's life. A quality diet helps in giving energy to enable an active life, protects one from diseases and helps one to look the best physically. More significantly, healthy food helps in benefitting one's mind, nourishing cells within the brain which enables cognitive functioning. Cognitive functioning includes learning, recalling information and perceiving the world or environment around an individual. When one gets enough nutrients in the diet, the cognitive system of the individual would be more developed and would function more appropriately. Nutrient deficiencies, on the other hand, decrease cognitive functioning.
Student 2: The digestive disorder I have chosen to discuss is Gallstones. Some of the causes of gallstones are your genes, your weight, problems with your gallbladder, and the diet that you have. You may think you have gallstones if you start experiencing pain in your upper belly and upper back that can last for several hours, nausea, vomiting, bloating, indigestion, heartburn, and gas. Treatments for this disorder are usually just the removal of the gallbladder through surgery by either laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open cholecystectomy. Diet plays a good role in this disorder. Obesity is a risk factor for gallstones, and it's theorized that they develop because of a shortage of fiber and an excess of fat in the western diet. Obesity can raise your cholesterol level and also make it harder for the gallbladder to empty completely. Diabetes is also a risk factor. People with diabetes tend to have higher levels of triglycerides. Losing weight and then regaining it also seems to set the stage for gallstones. In a 2006 study of men, the more frequent the weight cycling and the larger the number of pounds shed and regained, the greater the odds of gallstones. Women, especially those who are pregnant or taking birth control pills, face increases in gallstone likelihood as well.
Bile can be another problem which can lead to the condition. While the body needs bile, if it has too much cholesterol then it makes the occurrence of gallstones to be more likely. The condition can also happen when the gallbladder is not able to empty properly. Pigment stones occur mostly in people with specific medical conditions such as liver cirrhosis or sickle cell anemia. Bilirubin is a chemical which is produced when the red blood cells are destroyed by the liver. When the gallbladder does not break down the excess of this chemical, then the hard stones are formed.
References
Bellini, M., Usai-Satta, P., Bove, A., Bocchini, R., Galeazzi, F., Battaglia, E., ... & Bassotti, G. (2017). Chronic constipation diagnosis and treatment evaluation: the “CHRO. CO. DI. TE” study. BMC gastroenterology , 17 (1), 11.
Wald, A. (2016). Constipation: advances in diagnosis and treatment. Jama , 315 (2), 185-191.
