The clinical manifestations present in Mr. C include weight gain, which has resulted to his obesity, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, increasing shortness of breath with activity, swollen ankles, and pruritus, which is severe itching of the skin. These signs and symptoms are indicative of a potential heart attack or cardiac failure. This means that the heart may have become weak making the muscles unable to support the workload. Heart failure is progressive and if not well attended to may result in the death of Mr. C.
Mr. C faces a number of potential health risks due to his obesity. First, he is prone to type two diabetes. He has a high blood pressure of 172/98, HDL of 30mg/dL, a fasting blood glucose of 146mg/dL, and high cholesterol levels of 250mg/Dl (Blood Glucose Test, 2018). All these put him at risk of diabetes. Second, he risks liver and kidney diseases. He is also at risk of developing osteoarthritis. The high blood pressure and sleep apnea could also be as a result of his obesity. Mr. C also risks heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. Due to his symptoms, he comes across as an appropriate candidate for bariatric surgery (Neffl & Cw, 2014). He has a high BMI and is also at risk of conditions like diabetes. He also has sleep apnea and has not been successful in attempts to lose weight.
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From Mr. C’s health perception, he says he has been heavy since childhood, and has gained a lot of weight in the past three years. He also says he has sleep apnea. He also complains of shortness of breath as well as swollen ankles and severe itching of the skin. For his health management and nutrition, he speaks of restricting sodium in his diet to control his high blood pressure. He has not metabolism issues from previous medical assessments. He has increased shortness of breath with activity. Mr. C faces potential problems of heart diseases, diabetes, immobility and stress. He is having actual problems of obesity. All these need urgent intervention.
End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease. At this point, kidneys have failed and can no longer function on their own (DiMaria, 2019). It is thus also referred to as kidney failure. Some of the symptoms of kidney failure include itching, swollen ankles, shortness of breath, sleep disturbance, and muscle cramps. These are also in line with Mr. C’s symptoms, hence we can correctly diagnose onset of ESRD. It is mostly caused by damage to the kidneys by other health problems which were untreated, main one being diabetes. High blood pressure is also a leading cause of ESRD.
Since Mr. C is most likely to have diabetes and hypertension, first step is to have these conditions under control. Mr. C needs to be educated on the need to check his glucose levels and blood pressure regularly. This will help him deal with any abnormalities and prevent further deterioration. Mr. C also needs to be educated on the need for a lifestyle change. He needs a diet that is low in sodium and potassium and high in vitamins. After the surgery, he needs to exercise as well as inactivity may lead to reoccurrence of obesity. With all these carefully observed, he should lead a long life without fear of deteriorating kidneys.
ESRD patients need lots of care and support for recovery. Patients on ESRD treatment are entitled to unpaid leave for medical reasons. There are lots of websites and associations dedicating information to caregivers of people with ESRD. These include Lotsa Helping Hands, Family Caregivers Online, and National Family Caregivers Association. There are also dialysis centers available fully equipped for purposes of kidney dialysis. Also, mobility of such patients is enhanced by wheelchairs.
References
Blood Glucose Test. (2018, February 21). Retrieved October 10, 2019, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/12363-blood-glucose-test .
DiMaria, C. (2019, July 3). End Stage Kidney Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention. Retrieved October 10, 2019, from https://www.healthline.com/health/end-stage-kidney-disease .
Neffl, K. J., & Cw. (2014, January 10). Bariatric surgery: the challenges with candidate selection, individualizing treatment and clinical outcomes. Retrieved October 10, 2019, from https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1741-7015-11-8 .
