Deontological
Deontology is the ethical judgment approach where morality is established based on the duty expected or the laws. Deontology is basically advanced by the Kantian ethics, where moral actions are viewed as those done by a person out of their duty to adhere to the moral law, but not those performed because of desire. For instance, in Christianity, the Christians do actions in obedience to the Ten Commandments, which are basically moral laws. The goal of deontological ethical judgment is performing that which the law provides as the correct thing. Therefore, in this case, the moral laws are followed regardless of the outcome of the actions.
Consequentialism
Consequentialism is a moral philosophy for ethical judgment that focuses on the results of an action before doing it. This philosophy is advocated by the utilitarianism school of thought, where the most morally upright action is one that optimizes the happiness of people. In this case, a person has to consider the impact of an action to the individuals who will be directly affected before doing it. The future effects of an action are the point of morality judgment in this case. The challenge for this ethical judgment is where it is difficult to predict the end results of an action. Moreover, when the actual end result is not the expected one, then people engage in immoral actions. For example, I do not smoke because its end results are not good since it causes health complications.
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Virtue ethics
The quality of character is the factor that determines ethical judgment in virtue ethics. Virtue ethics is advocated for by the Aristotelian ethics. The biggest moral good is having particular characteristics or traits. In this case, the concern while making an ethical judgment is on the kind of person who does a particular action. Therefore, ethical behavior is that which a virtuous person would do in the same situation. For example, I do not watch pornographic videos because a virtuous person would not do the same.
