Evaluate the sources of fatigue which impacted that operation
Fatigue is either the mental or physical exhaustion associated with exertion whose effects manifest themselves in terms of somnolence and decreased attention. A number of factors have been identified to cause fatigue in air traffic control as one of the major aviation operations. Such include staffing levels, increased workload that usually depends on the traffic volume and complexity, and lack of position rotation (Civil Air Navigation Services Organization, 2017). For instance, a failure to meet the required facility staffing ranges would translate into the inability to meet the same facility needs in case of heavy snowfalls circumstances. Hence, the high-volume traffic ultimately causes controller fatigue.
How circadian rhythms can contribute to fatigue
The circadian rhythms result from the action of brain neurons that induce an intrinsic stimulation of electric signals frequently during the day than at night. The rhythms can communicate to the body, the information about light intensity in relation to the various functions of the different cells within the retina (Civil Air Navigation Services Organization, 2017). Therefore, they force body clock to cause the liver, kidney, and gut to generate their own rhythms, which lead to sleep problems among air traffic controllers. Ideally, the rhythms lead to yawning, fewer communications, and an uncharacteristic job performance (Civil Air Navigation Services Organization, 2017).
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Implications of fatigue on that operation and how and why it could negatively impact safety
Fatigue usually causes poor vision when planning from the radar as a result of the narrowed attention that compromises the ability to see an aircraft. This situation leads to unavailability of warning indications due to miscommunications among colleagues. Generally, the air traffic controllers find it harder to concentrate due to distraction and irritation that can lead to a plane crash due to continued moodiness (Civil Air Navigation Services Organization, 2017).
Means for mitigating the associated fatigue and improving safety in that operational field
The aviation operation individuals should adopt lifestyles that allow for working shifts to provide sufficient time for good quality sleep. Again, they should prepare well for the night shifts to counteract the effects of the circadian rhythms. Finally, breaks are crucial when performing operational tasks to give enough time for preparation before reporting for the next duty.
Reference
Civil Air Navigation Services Organization. (2017, 1 st ed.). Fatigue Management Guide for Air Traffic Service Providers. Retrieved 31/10/2018 from https://www.icao.int/safety/fatiguemanagement/Documents/FMG%20for%20ATSPs%20FINAL.pdf
