Hot or Not is a mobile application for measuring temperature. With the advent of smartphone technology, most smartphones come with built-in temperature sensors ( Trung et al., 2016) . These are sensors used to determine the temperature of critical elements, such as the processor. Most smartphones have thermistors. A thermistor is a type of temperature sensor that changes its internal resistance due to changes in temperature ( Turkani et al., 2018) . A thermistor is made from ceramic materials such as nickel oxide, manganese oxide, or cobalt oxide, coated in glass ( Turkani et al., 2018) . The thermistor's main advantage is its quick response to changes in temperature, repeatability, and accuracy ( Turkani et al., 2018) . Hot or Not will use the smartphone's internal temperature sensor to measure the temperature of an individual. Hot or Not application will be developed to read the resistance of the phone's thermistor and interpret it to a temperature reading in both degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit.
The application will be available in both Google Playstore and Apple Appstore. App users will first have to download the application from either of the two stores. Upon downloading the application, the user will create an account using his or her email address. The application will prompt the user to enter an email address and a first-time password. Users with accounts will only need to sign in using their credentials. For users who have forgotten their passwords, the app will prompt them to provide their email addresses, where a link will be sent for them to reset their accounts.
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Upon successfully logging in, the app will display a window with different selection options. These options will include "Take a temperature reading," "View temperature history," and "Settings." Upon selecting the "Take a temperature reading" option, the app will prompt the user to place the smartphone where they wish to measure their temperature, upon which they are to wait for one minute for the thermistor to detect the temperature change. Since thermistors are quite sensitive, one minute will be adequate to respond to the temperature change. During this time, the app will monitor changes in the thermistor's resistance and interpret it into a temperature reading. After one minute, temperature reading will be displayed on the screen. In the "Settings" option, the user can select whether to display the temperature reading in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit. Based on the temperature reading, the app will inform the user of his health. For individuals with temperatures of 380C (100.40F) and above, the app will inform them that they have a fever. This is because the normal body temperature for human beings is 370C (98.60F).
Once a temperature reading is taken, the app automatically uploads this information onto an online cloud. This is why the users must log in – the information will be uploaded onto their accounts. This information can be accessed by selecting the "View temperature history option." By selecting this option, the user will access all the temperature records since they started using it. The app will also display a line graph showing the user's temperature trend over time. The importance of using a line graph is that it makes it easy for the user to monitor observable changes in temperature over time. Besides generating the line graph, the app will also make a comparison of the user's current temperature to that of other users. Thus the app will display what percentage of app users an app user is healthier than.
Hot or Not will be available for devices operating on both Android and iOS. This will ensure that most people can monitor their temperatures. Since Covid-19 spreads rapidly and undetectably, people need to monitor their temperatures and detect early signs of the infection ( EBSCO Information Services, 2020) . Hence availing the app t both Android and iOS users, more people will be able to measure temperature and detect the infection in its early stages. This will go a long way towards curtailing the spread of the infection. Besides, more infections will be detected in the early stages. With the early detection of more Covid-19 infections, early treatment measures will be taken, and the number of deaths will possibly reduce. To even ensure that more people can measure their temperatures, Hot or Not will be cheaper than other similar apps.
Hot or Not provides instant storage on information on an online cloud. Most temperature measuring apps do not offer this feature. In fact, most apps only measure the user's temperature and display it instantly. However, after exiting the application, the user can no longer access this valuable information. Hence the user cannot monitor how their temperature changes with time.
Given that increase in body temperature is a symptom of Covid-19, people should be able to monitor temperature changes over time. Thus by having temperature information stored in an online cloud, Hot or Not app users can compare their past and present temperatures, which might be instrumental in detecting abnormal rises in temperature. With this information stored in an online cloud, users can access it by logging in from any device as long as it has an internet connection. Therefore, they should not worry about losing or changing devices.
By generating a line graph representing a user's temperature over time, the app provides an analysis that most temperature measuring apps do not. Most temperature sensing apps only show the temperature measured at that time. Unlike these apps, the benefit of Hot or Not is that it enables the detection of abnormal changes in temperature, which may be a sign of infection. This feature will assist the American population in detecting rising temperatures that might indicate Covid-19 infection.
Hot or Not will also measure temperature with unprecedented accuracy. Some of the apps measure temperature by gathering data from weather websites. However, this data is not reflective of the actual body temperature. Other apps are prank apps, which do not measure any body temperature at all. Hot or Not will be different. By using the smartphone's inbuilt thermistor, the app will measure temperature accurately.
Product Look
Once the app is launched, an animated app logo will be displayed on the screen. The benefit of using an animated logo is increased awareness of the brand – animated logos are more recognizable and more recognizable and more memorable to consumers than static logos (Brasel & Hagtvedt, 2016) . The animated logo will also hold the viewer's attention. After the logo flashes for around five seconds, a screen prompting the user to enter the email address and password will be displayed. This screen will be red with white text boxes. An attractive and clear font will be used to indicate the checkboxes in which to input credentials.
After logging in, the user will be taken to a screen that prompts them to measure their temperature, view their temperature data, or access the app's settings. This screen will also be red, while the icons and fonts for the three selection will be red. After the selection of an option, a red screen will also appear. The choice for red color is guided by the fact that it is a color of power. Red easily gets people's attention and holds it, which is why it's the most popular color for marketing ( Amsteus et al. 2015) . After temperature measurement, the result will be displayed in huge legible digits. The user can access the settings option to select the temperature scale.
References
Amsteus, M., Al-Shaaban, S., Wallin, E., & Sjöqvist, S. (2015). Colors in marketing: A study of color associations and context (in) dependence. International Journal of Business and Social Science , 6 (3).
Brasel, S. A., & Hagtvedt, H. (2016). Living brands: consumer responses to animated brand logos. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , 44 (5), 639-653.
EBSCO Information Services. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) . https://www.ebsco.com/sites/g/files/nabnos191/files/acquiadam-assets/Patient-Education-Reference-Center-COVID-19-Topic.pdf
Trung, T. Q., Ramasundaram, S., Hwang, B. U., & Lee, N. E. (2016). An all‐elastomeric transparent and stretchable temperature sensor for body‐attachable wearable electronics. Advanced Materials , 28 (3), 502-509.
Turkani, V. S., Maddipatla, D., Narakathu, B. B., Bazuin, B. J., & Atashbar, M. Z. (2018). A carbon nanotube based NTC thermistor using additive print manufacturing processes. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical , 279 , 1-9.
