Assuming that the population for freedom city grows by 6% each decade from 2010, in 2042 the entire population will be 16900
Demand = rate of use X the number of users.
Assuming that on average, each person uses 340 liters in a day for domestic consumption excluding industrial, commercial firefighting, public use and non-revenue.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
Current demand = 340 X 14690 = 4,994,600 litres
Demand in 2042 =340 X 16900 = 5,746,000
If we add 7% for commercial, 5% for industrial, 5% for waste and loss 8% for fire fighting and 10% for public use, then the total daily demand would be
Current demand =135% X 4,994,600 = 6,742,710
Demand in 2042 = 135% X 5,746,000 = 7,757,100
To take into account any fluctuations in demand, the system needs to have an additional capacity of 7% therefore total design capacity will be 107% X 7,757,100 = 8,300,097.
Assessment
Given that Freedom city is in need of additional water for domestic and other municipal purposes, different water sources can be used to meet the rising demand. Currently, the water source in use is fully utilized. Rainwater harvesting for gardening can be a sustainable source that can alleviate the pressure on the existing infrastructure. Having considered the different water sources among them rainwater harvesting, surface and groundwater supply, the most appropriate source is surface water due to the availability of plentiful water at the river which is less polluted.
The new water source will involve the construction of a medium-sized dam to capture the river water, therefore, preventing overflows and any damage that can be caused. This should be the first consideration given that other factors need to be considered like the destruction of the ecosystem and displacement of some people. Initial capital can also be prohibitive. The new water source should be located in a high altitude area to reduce pumping stations by utilizing gravity and serving a larger population.
The water treatment plant should have a capacity of 10 million liters daily. The distribution pipes should have a diameter of 12 inches. Ductile iron should be used and must be placed 10 inches below grade. The distribution pipes should be designed in a manner that the lot line covenant is withheld. The water tank is adequate to serve the population, but the piping should be upgraded. The topography should not be a significant consideration given that the contours can be altered.
In this design, it is assumed that the population will not rise beyond the estimated value by 2042. It was also expected that industrial and commercial water demand would not change. Given that these figures are based on estimates, there is need to allow for any deviation from the calculations by allowing for any differences. Such a distribution network should perform as required without any breakdowns.
