Name of theory |
Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring |
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Background of the theorist(s) |
Jean Watson is an American nurse theorist. She was born on June 10, 1940. She graduated in 1961 from the Lewis Gale School of Nursing, which is located in Virginia (Smith & Parker, 2015).She attended the University of Colorado at Boulder, where she earned her bachelor's degree in nursing in 1964, a master of science in nursing in psychiatric and mental health nursing in 1966, and a Ph.D. in educational psychology and counseling in 1973 (Smith & Parker, 2015). Watson is a professor of nursing and she is well known for her “ Philosophy and Theory of Transpersonal Caring.” Watson is the founder of the original Center for Human Caring in Colorado. Watson has authored or co-authored many books and also developed the newest nursing grand theory –Jean Watsons’s Theory of Human Caring. |
Purpose of theory |
The purpose of Watson’s theory was to provide a philosophical-ethical foundation from which health professionals could provide care (Smith & Parker, 2015). The theory helps nurses utilize holistic approaches of nursing into healthcare practice. The purpose of Watson’s theory is quite broad, providing care to patients in order to promote healing and oneness with the universe. |
List the theory concepts |
Watson’s theory has four major conceptual elements: Clinical curative factors/Caritas process. Transpersonal caring relationships, The caring moment/caring occasion, and Caring-healing modalities (Smith & Parker, 2015). With regard to Caritas processes, Watson developed ten Caritas factors that involve the promotion of faith, trust, caring, selflessness, love, hope, spirituality, energy, and understanding (Smith & Parker, 2015). With regard to transpersonal caring relationship, in order to provide optimal care, Watson asserts that nurses ought to reflect on who they are. Caring occasion focuses on the moment healthcare professionals experience something greater than themselves. The function of caring-healing modalities means that healthcare professionals must be aware of the dynamics of life. |
Summarize the theory |
Watson's theory of Human Caring is a theory that focuses on authentically caring about the whole patient –the patient's mind, body, and spirit. According to Watson’s theory, “Nursing is concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health” (Gonzalo, 2016, Par. 11). The theory is composed of four major concepts, which are Caritas processes, transpersonal caring, caring moment/occasion, and caring/healing modalities. Watson asserts that caring is central to nursing practice. Caring for patients promotes growth. |
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List and describe 2 examples of the theory being used in nursing literature |
According to a study done by Ozan and Okumus (2017), Watson's theory of Human Caring can be used as a guide to nursing patients with infertility treatment in order to increase the positive coping style among infertile women. Utilizing Watson's theory has shown to influence a nurse's level of awareness and practice of loving kindness to self and others according to a study done by Hubert (2018). |
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Reference List (APA Format) |
References Gonzalo, A. (2016). Jean Watson: Theory of Human Caring. [Online]. Retrieved from: https://nurseslabs.com/jean-watsons-philosophy-theory-transpersonal-caring/ . Accessed October 8, 2019. Hubert, P. (2018). Application of Jean Watson’s theory of transpersonal caring in nurses practice in a pain center. Seton Hall University DNP Final project, 29. [Online]. Retrieved from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/adf6/29178b4ee6ffa6271942360bf46c0f550d7f.pdf . Accessed October 8, 2019. Ozan, Y., & Okumus, H. (2017). Effects of nursing care based on Watson’s theory of human caring on anxiety, distress, and coping, when infertility treatment fails: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Caring Sciences, 6 (2): 95-109. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15171%2Fjcs.2017.010 . Accessed October 8, 2019. Smith, M., & Parker, M. (2015). Nursing theories and nursing practice. (4 th Edition). Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. |
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