In China, the spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) takes place through the use of intravenous drug and/or through prostitution. Currently, the number of HIV-infected people is slightly above 1.5 million- which is about 0.3% of the country’s total population (Avert, 2018) . Support, care and treatment challenges are prevalent in the country. In 2014, the number of people who succumbed to death as a result of AIDs- related causes was 21, 000. Since then, there has been a steady increase in the number of people dying from AIDs related diseases. However, the number of people receiving treatment has increased over time and across the country. But, the country still lags behind in controlling or reducing the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Also, the level of discrimination and stigmatization is still high for people living with the disease.
The country has reported a substantial progress as far as funding HIV related programs is concerned with 99% of the funding getting derived from domestic sources. This is a promising trend considering the longevity and sustainability of many nationals languishing under the problem of HIV and AIDs. However, irrespective of these progresses, the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC) reported 96000 new infections in December 2016 (Avert, 2018) . The number of cases took place for a period of nine months since January that year (Avert, 2018) . This means that, there is a high possibility that the number of new cases is increasing every now and then.
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In China, HIV is prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). A report by the China’s Health and Family Planning Commission indicate that the number of people infected by HIV through MSM represents a quarter of HIV infected people. Another population where HIV infection is on the rise is among the young people (Avert, 2018) . Also, a report by the China's National Centre for STD/AIDS Prevention and Control indicate that the proportion of young people infected by HIV is around 35% of the total number of people living with HIV (Avert, 2018) . Also, the number of People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) contracting HIV is on the rise. They constitute of around 6% of the total number of infected Chinese (Avert, 2018) . Ignorance, lack of proper education and incentives to fight the menace. There are a number of international organizations working with the government of China to regulate the disease through measures various these include:
United Nations (UN)
In 2016, the People’s Republic of China government announced its support to the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting on HIV/AIDs declaration (USAID, 2018) . Also the government adopted the 90-90-90 development strategy at national level- this is part of their National Development Plan from 2016 to 2020 (USAID, 2018) . In support of the response by the National AIDs Response, the joint United Nations Team on AIDs (joint Team) developed a work plan proposed by the country team affiliated with the UN. The idea was to implement the following measures:
Eliminating the mother to child transmission (eMTCT)
Prevent HIV among key population especially the young people
Fight against gender based violence as well as gender inequality- this is in reference to access to HIV/AIDs related treatment (USAID, 2018) .
Fight against HIV/AIDs discrimination and stigmatization.
USAID
This agency fights the HIV epidemic in China through a Thailand based Regional Development Mission for Asia (RDMA) organization (USAID, 2018) . It helps in implementing three ways:
assisting the Chinese Tibetan communities by encouraging fruitful lives through creation of employment, improving the management of natural resources that support lives as well as through cultural heritage preservation,
Initiating regional programs which are important in addressing important challenges across border (USAID, 2018) .
Offering help, after congress’ approval, by reducing the rate of carbon emission as well in rule of law (USAID, 2018) .
World Health Organization (WHO)
WHO plays the role of helping China close the gap in the health sector while ensuring that HIV services for saving lives can be accessed to all Chinese in need (Parry, 2017) . Some of the measure the international body takes include:
Developing strategic standards, plans and guidelines for helping china to improve its health sectors- this helps the country in accessing better HIV/AIDs services.
Coming up with a ‘comprehensive package’ for treating and preventing interventions.
Capacity building support, health workers training as well as health systems strengthening within the country (Parry, 2017) .
Ensuring that the country has adequate supply of HIV diagnoses tool as well as medicine (such as antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) (Parry, 2017) .
Monitoring the spread of HIV within the country.
The list of measures undertaken by international organizations in fight against HIV epidemic in China is endless; which is the same case as per the number of such organizations. In my view, and even from record, their work has yielded positive results: the number of cases involving mother-to-child transmissions has reduced, awareness rate has increased, number of new infections has reduces and the number of people accessing treatment has increased; among other positive outcomes. However, HIV prevention is a personal effort: we all have a responsibility in preventing the spread of the disease.
References
Avert. (2018). Hiv and Aids In China. Retrieved 2019
Parry, J. (2017). China’s pragmatic approach to AIDS. Retrieved March 19, 2019
USAID. (2018). China. About China . Retrieved 2019
