The text begins by explaining the various definitions of globalization from various perceptions of different people of the world. Different people hold varying views about globalization. Karl Marx is among the people who contributed to the idea of globalization. According to the first subtitle of the text, Karl Marx's understanding of globalization as the "universal interdependence of nations" is presented. According to Lechner & Boli, 2019) the idea of a single world market that is not dominated by the bourgeoisie. Globalization should bridge the gap between the bourgeoisie and the low-class earners by the creation of a free market.
How to Judge Globalism
In this subtitle, various versions of judgment that critics assign to globalization are presented. A big faction decree globalization as global westernization. The idea emanates from the fact that globalization developed from Europe (Lechner & Boli, 2019). Globalization should not be judged mainly from the western front. Such misunderstanding risks parochial tendencies and would jeopardize the effectiveness of globalization.
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The Elusive Concept of Globalization
Globalization is essential in understanding the social practices in the contemporary world setting. The concept of globalization has opened up a free capitalist market for all the people of the world (Lechner & Boli, 2019). Skeptic supporters of globalization argue that the concept has led to the reduction of trade costs in terms of air travel and shipment costs. Throughout the section of the book, skeptic supporters of the concept of globalization laud its effectiveness in contributing to creating global cohesion.
Jihad vs Mc World
Globalization poses the threat of pitting a culture versus another culture or people versus people. The narrowly pressed cultures would probably result in jihad in defense of their cultural believes that globalization threatens to suffocate. The McWorld illustrates globalization of world politics (Lechner & Boli, 2019). There is a potential conflict of interest between the new dynamics of Mc World and the existing preservative politics. The Imperatives of the new world market are pushing and diminishing the differences that had been set by the early territorial and cultural differences.
The Clash of Civilizations
With the new dispensation of globalization, the new world would not conflict ideologically or economically but culturally. The only conflict that the world would witness would be caused by the fault lines of civilization (Lechner & Boli, 2019). Civilizations will likely cause conflict in the future because of the increasing importance of identity. The chapter concludes by establishing that differences in civilization will replace the traditional political and ideological conflicts.
Reference
Lechner, F. J., & Boli, J. (2019). The globalization reader. John Wiley & Sons.
