The era of the industrial revolution lasted for approximately eighty years. It began in 1760, with a sequence of new manufacturing processes in the United States and Europe. By 1840 a considerable amount of industrial revolution inventions had already been developed. It is essential to take note of the fact that some of the discoveries of the industrial revolution were more outspoken than others. For instance, scientific discoveries in the United States led to the change in the manufacture of electricity as well as significant changes in the structure and machinery of industries.
Scientific discoveries of the industrial revolution led to the development of new power sources. When it came to the harnessing of electricity, the U.S and European scientists of the early 19 th century studied how magnetism and electricity relate. Consequentially, their research gave rise to the application of the phenomena of electromagnetism (Hill, 2018) . This new electricity generation approach resulted in the development of electric motors and electric generators. Regardless of the improvements that the generators and motors were put through in the 19 th century, the inventions of other machines, namely the electric lighting and electrically powered trains were the main components that resulted in the large-scale application of the concept of combining electricity and magnetism (Hill, 2018) .
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There were a variety of ways in which the new power sources were utilized. For instance, the electric tramways and railways were some of the most prominent ways in which the new power sources were used. In the 20 th -century major cities in both the U.S. and Europe were using the electric railway systems (Boundless, 2013) . Another way in which new sources of electricity were utilized was evident from the independent inventions of the incandescent lamp by two scientists in Europe and the United States. The way artificial lighting was utilized in urban centers would gradually transition from kerosene and gas lamps to the electric incandescent lamps (Boundless, 2013) .
Some of the new inventions developed were inclusive of a reaper that was mechanically drawn by a horse. The machine was developed by Cyrus McCormick in the 1830s. As a result of the invention, the farmers in the West harvested such great quantities of wheat that it was in surpluses (Boundless, 2013) . As time progressed, water power would replace the utilization of horsepower in driving machinery. Moving rivers and streams, more especially fast-moving were the areas that these power sources were best utilized thus resulting in the migration of industrialization to the northeastern parts of the U.S. such as in New England (Boundless, 2013) . The manufacturing quality and efficiency increased at a fast rate from the beginning of the nineteenth century up to 1820. This change in manufacturing was attributed to the additional tools in industrialization. Many industries in the first twenty years of the nineteenth century would adopt or change to machine tools that were composed of interchangeable parts and that were built entirely from metal (Boundless, 2013) .
In conclusion, the industrial revolution had a significant role to play in the various advancements in technology. It is essential to note that the motivation behind the scientific discoveries was geared towards making the lives of society easier. For instance, electricity advancements would make it easier and more convenient for urban citizens to move from one place to the next with the utilization of the electric train. The inventions of better lighting techniques would lead to conservation of the environment and even human lives as the kerosene produced harmful fumes. Lastly, the common features of the manufacturing industry in the industrial revolution were inclusive of powered machinery, the use of water-wheels, and steam power that coal-fueled.
References
Boundless. (2013). The Industrial Revolution . Retrieved from Boundless.com: http://oer2go.org/mods/en-boundless/www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/the-market-revolution-1815-1840-13/the-industrial-revolution-110/the-industrial-revolution-592-9665/index.html
Hill, C. (2018). Reformation to industrial revolution. Verso Books.
