Adults who are 25 years old and older who are overweight or obese are at a higher risk of contracting diabetes compared to adults who are the right weight for height and age.
Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by the inability of the body to respond or produce insulin, a hormone that is responsible for regulating body sugar. The disease leads to abnormal blood glucose levels in the body (Mokdad et al., 2003) . Once the condition has developed, it cannot be cured, but only be managed through lifestyle modification. Studies done show that the prevalence of the disease increased significantly within the last 20 years and increment is still expected due to poor lifestyle choices among individuals. According to the America Diabetes Association, in 2015, 9.4% of the American's population was living with diabetes. More individuals are at high risk of developing the condition because more than 60% of the people are either obese or overweight. The metabolic disorder is one of the core factors contributing to the development of diabetes particularly type II.
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How your population matches the populations in your research articles
The research findings from a study cohort show that the significant risk factors associated with diabetes are: high BMI, increasing age, family history, and poor lifestyle. The demographic characteristics of the population to used are similar to those of the population in research with only age as the difference. The research articles put more focus on individuals of age 45 years and above as they are more predisposed to the condition compared to the younger individuals. Additionally, the study population to be used is composed of white Americans who are at an increased risk due to the high prevalence of metabolic disorders among them. This is similar to the research articles. To evaluate the difference, individuals who are both obese and normal are to be used.
Define baseline data collection sources (EMR, datasets, etc.), method, and measures
Baseline data is essential in research because it serves as a guide to compare the research findings. Secondary data collection method will be used to collect the baseline data. The technique entails the collection of data from secondary sources that have the records. Such sources include (Tisnado et al., 2006) : Electronic medical records (EMR) – it contains all files of the patients who attend hospitals hence data of patients living with diabetes can be extracted from the record. Literature review – initial studies that have been done by other researchers on the topic. National Health Statistics data – it is inclusive for all individuals in the nation describing their social-economic and demographic data and health status which relevant data will be extracted. To ensure the credibility of the data, specific measures will be put in place. The information has to be recent, not older than five years. Also, data obtained from various sources will be compared.
The intervention you would implement
Preventive and curative interventions to be deployed to reduce the prevalence of diabetes resulting from modifiable risk factors. The core objective of the intervention would be to reduce the prevalence of obesity among adults and modify their lifestyle. Stop the advertisement of fast foods from promoting the consumption of healthy foods. Have individuals engage in physical activity either in school or workplaces or recreational centers to help in weight management (Li et al., 2008) . Regular screening of diabetes and free nutrition education and counseling.
Expected outcome (Include specific plan of how you will measure/evaluate your change in practice: Specifically, Who, What, When, Where, and How).
The expected outcome is a reduction in the prevalence of overweight and obese Americans from over 60% to 30% within two years among adults aged 25 years and above. This is to be achieved through implementation of the interventional activities. The outcome will be measured through regular screening in the health facilities where data for the two years will be used to monitor.
References
Li, G., Zhang, P., Wang, J., Gregg, E. W., Yang, W., Gong, Q., ... & Shuai, Y. (2008). The long
term effect of lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes in the China Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study: a 20-year follow-up study. The Lancet , 371 (9626), 1783-1789.
Mokdad, A. H., Ford, E. S., Bowman, B. A., Dietz, W. H., Vinicor, F., Bales, V. S., & Marks, J.
S. (2003). Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. Jama , 289 (1), 76-79.
Tisnado, D. M., Adams, J. L., Liu, H., Damberg, C. L., Chen, W. P., Hu, F. A., ... & Kahn, K. L.
(2006). What is the concordance between the medical record and patient self-report as data sources for ambulatory care?. Medical care , 132-140.
