Abstract
Jean Watson is considered the founder of the caring craft in nursing. Many authors explain her work, and she is regarded as the incarnate legend of the nursing community. Watson is an excellent theorist, and her work is particularly significant considering the numerous scientists in the nursing scene. Notably, Watson’s philosophy is a subsidiary of premeditated representations. Also, her grand-nursing model is dependent on the intellectual method. Various theories and concepts are available are apt in different nursing contexts, for instance, Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, Peplau’s Theory of inter-proficient relations, the Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, Watson’s Philosophy and Caring Science, among others. Undertaking a nursing profession, I believe that Jean Watson’s Nursing Theory befits my context. Watson postulates a person as "an esteemed individual in and of him or herself to be cared for, regarded, sustained, comprehended and helped; when all is said in done a philosophical perspective of a man as a handy coordinated self” (Nursing Theory, 2015). This implies that a human being is perceived as being more remarkable than and not impartially the same as his or her entirety.
Theory/Author Name and Background
Watson’s Nursing Philosophy was presented in the 1970s, and it relies on the innate methodology (Wadsworth, 2012). The comprehension of the caring concept is crucial to healthcare, be it from the nurses’ association with other disciplines or nurse-patient relationship. According to Wadsworth (2012), Watson’s theory of caring encompasses ten curative variables. These components are the gateway of an all-encompassing healthcare, and it augments both enthusiastic and empirical parts of the nursing profession. Moreover, Watson believes that the logical learning movement should run as a dependent unit with the nursing custom. She has also contributed the ideas of caring to the nursing profession in addition to writing several books to emphasize her nursing training insight. Watson’s printed exertion focuses on tutoring advanced nursing scholars and providing them with a moral, ontological, and epistemological basis for their scrutiny titles, as well as practice. Also, her caring structure has been incorporated in several bachelor's nursing programs that include Oklahoma City University, Bellarmine College in Louisville, Indiana State University, Florida Atlantic University, and Assumption College in Worcester. Additionally, the concepts are being employed in the nursing programs across the world including countries such as Australia, Finland, Brazil, Japan, and the United Kingdom.
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Watson’s Models are in line with those of other researchers in the nursing discipline, as she acknowledges her caring concept as the embodiment of nursing. Moreover, Watson suggests that caring should be perceived as the nurse’s ethic impeccable of safeguarding the mortal reverence of assisting people to notice relevance in sickness and endurance while minding the ultimate aim to advance or reestablish the individual's conformity. One might be prejudiced to perceive such “great perfect” as being, to an extent, unavailable and elusive. As such, as an individual, one usually attempts to be the most idyllic nurse. To achieve this, a person has a propensity to evaluate oneself to such perfection. Therefore, the nurse may face numerous hindrances on a small and unlikely possibility that he or she feels dissimilar with his or her own particular “good perfect." However, it should be noted that a complete should be considered assistance for edging improvement (Cara, 2013).
Watson's practice paradigm postulates that nursing is more concerned with improving health, caring for the ailing, anticipating malady, and health restoration. Also, it focuses on the progression of well-being and the handling of diseases. She further exemplifies nursing profession as "a human exploration of persons and human wellbeing disease encounters that are interceded by expert, individual, investigative, tasteful and moral human exchanges" (Nursing Theory, 2015). One feels assertive about Watson’s concept and also submits to it because one feels as if the patients should be handled individually. This is because patients cannot be considered merely as maladies or a number. Providing a caring domain would not directly advance an individual's well-being, but will also give backing to the patient both inwardly and rationally. Therefore, achieving the notion of this model will assist a provider to enhance health to a higher level of psychological, social, and physical working. In this sense, caring should be essential to all the levels of nursing.
Theory Description
According to Turvey (2014), deductive thinking can be described as watching an arrangement of qualities that may be envisioned from the merging of behavioral and physical activities. Watson’s philosophy formulated the caring model in the year 1979 in an attempt to typify the nursing association’s activities through humanistic parts of life. Her philosophy utilizes deductive thinking through providing a framework straightforward leadership. Also, Watson’s model offers a conjectural edifice and suggests outcome bearing in mind the usage of the philosophy. Her theory also suggests nursing as being both artistry and science and caring as a significant element in the geniuses of nursing. Furthermore, she underlines d the importance of portraying nursing about nurse-patient interconnections, rather than on undertakings and methodology.
The real components of the theory, as indicated by Jean Watson, are the transpersonal caring Association, the curative variables, and the caring minute or event. She views the therapeutic elements as an assistant to the pivot of the nursing profession. Also, Watson uses the word “curative” to deviate from routine medicine’s counteractive elements. According to Cara (2013), the therapeutic variables attempt to "respect the human measurements of nursing's work and the internal life world and subjective encounters of the general population we serve" (Cara, 2013). Her notion drives logical assertion into an all-inclusive care as well as other aspects of nursing. Watson’s model of human caring offers a hypothetical and philosophical establishment for the practice of nursing, instruction, and science. The art of caring is a perspective that encloses a method for being restive to oneself and others, being deliberate in one's work and life, understanding the transformational healing process, and being present for oneself (Kim & Kollak, 2016).
Watson’s concept exemplifies nursing profession as a calling. This, therefore, expresses nursing’s knowledge, practice, and qualities. The art of caring was long-drawn-out transpersonal and philosophically as the focal point for its organization. This creates a more direct link keeping in mind the widespread contextual nature of moral standards. Moreover, she links her care procedure concepts by the social proposition that notes "transpersonal caring is the full realization of the curative elements in a human-to-human exchange" (Sourial, 2016). Similarly, she opposes that if between two slanted streams to persons can be set up, "the beneficiary is better ready to have an arrival of a portion of the disharmony of the brain, body, and soul. Along these lines, they can be more liberated to guide repressed vitality to his or her recuperating procedure" (Sourial, 2016).
Despite the fact that Watson’s work is affected by those of other researchers, she based most of her work from her thoughts, convictions about existence, qualities, recuperation, and wellbeing (Parse, 2015). The theory offers practicing nurses an expert disposition. Taking into account the dynamic changes in healthcare throughout the world, nurses are expected to uphold their training and aptitudes to keep up with the latest advancements and reconnoiter. It is important to ensure that the concentrated administration is conforming to the training delivery representations. Every outcome of nursing assessment contributes attempted realism to the nursing concept that can be instructed by nursing students as well as professionals. As such, the knowledge basis of management science integrates this principle, which thereby incorporates standards, approaches, and ideas.
Evaluation
According to Watson (2013), the nurses who appear quite delicate to their counterparts are often prepared to discover each other’s viewpoint and understanding of the world which, similarly, extends empathy towards the others’ wellbeing, recuperation, and solace. Therefore, the nurses who view and use their compassion can enhance self-realization, self-improvement, and can also advance a similar development in other persons. However, without this important variable care in nursing would not succeed (Watson, 2013).This implies that nursing is a calling and a philanthropic science that performs the exploratory, individual, and moral practice. Jean Watson’s theory anticipates guaranteeing an amicability and equalization among sickness encounters and wellbeing of a person. She also suggests that in a comprehensive way to handle the art of caring for an individual or patient, there are essence body-soul sub-capacities all of which redirect and it is not similar one's sub-measurements.
Watson’s caring aspect underlines the advantage that the nurses require to uphold their devotion and commitment to portraying compassionate human care to the community and humanity in the sense of perceiving their patients as individuals. Regularly, nurses have an enormous control of natural surroundings. However, without the acknowledgment of their obligations to undertake automatic responsibility for the earth, they cannot ensure the sustenance of the patient. With this evolved perception, the environment takes on an entirely different meaning, moving past the corporeal setting and having to be attentive to the nurse and his or her caring knowledge affecting the whole discipline.
Despite the fact that Watson's definitions of her concepts are used reliably, she regularly reciprocally uses words as a part of her principle (Watson, 2013). Also, she identifies this for the essence rather than in distinct precincts. For example, Watson scrutinizes a caring event, minute, or exchange, which refers to the same prodigies (Watson, 2013). Not until the reader is well-conversant with such portions of her work, it can be misdirecting and confound, especially when it prods an erratic graphic depiction of her philosophy in the disseminated material (Watson, 2013). Apart from that, there no flaws in the supplementary dependability of Watson’s allusions, two distinct zones of her work need further enhancement (Watson, 2013). The first zone is the demonstration of her model. Her metaphysical underlining should be more consistent, the theoretical descriptions should be clear, and phrases should be applied more dependable. Secondly, in the investigation zone, more work should be done to assert all the curative elements with a more remarkable understanding of the otherworldly space and experiential backing is also needed (Sourial, 2016).
Application
The Caring Philosophy is relevant to the nursing field, and it should be integral to nursing care. Being upright and sympathetic to the patient’s feelings as well as satisfying their needs assists nurses to enhance and advance better outcome for the patient. Notably, health care is radically changing. Considering the ultimate goal of caring for the patients, the nurses need to come up with a more grounded institution for their insight, and that is where Watson's theory comes into place. Her theory provided empowerment to patients to end up more needed in their care while advancing well-being obligingly. The framework of Caring Science and practices recommends that by large and exclusively, nursing contributes to the protection of humankind and attempts to manage to care in cases where it is challenged. In this light, the moral notions and caring components and procedures suggested promoting the establishment and extension of service to humankind (Watson, 2013).
The theory and art of caring, as a rule, recommends nursing practitioners always to recall their capacities and wellbeing. It further educates that a nurse can overwhelmingly impact the lives of patients. Thus, a nurse’s attention can enhance mending and comprehensiveness or can lead to a patient feeling at danger, which can stimulate certain disorders from within the patient. Watson’s theory addresses the need to meet both the physical and otherworldly requirements of the patients, while keeping in mind the indispensable institution of acknowledgment, fervent strength, and recuperating an entire person and not only their ailing parts (Watson, 2013). Giving a caring purview cannot advance wellbeing. Therefore, it is important to ensure that caring provides support to the patient both inwardly and rationally. Thus, the act of caring should be emphasized to all the levels of the nursing profession.
References
Cara, C. (2013). A pragmatic view of Jean Watson’s caring theory. International Journal for Human Caring. Retrieved from: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=664519237436451113&hl=en&as_sdt=0,11&as_vis=1
Kim, H. S., &Kollak, I. (2016). N ursing Theories: Conceptual & Philosophical Foundations . New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Nursing Theory. (2015). Retrieved from: http://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/watson-philosophy-and-science-of-caring.php
Parse, R. (2015). Nursing: A basic or applied science. Nursing Science Quarterly, 28(7), 181-182. doi:10.1177/08943184155 85636
Sourial, S. (2016).An analysis and evaluation of Watson's theory of human care.Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 24(2), 400-404 5p. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.19524.x
Turvey, B. (2014). Criminal profiling . San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press
Wadsworth, A. M. (2012). STUDENT PAPER. International Journal for Human Caring, 16(1), 64-67.
Watson, J. (2013). Caring science (definitions, processes, theory). Retrieved from: http://watsoncaringscience.org/about-us/caring-science-definitions-processes-theory/ http://watsoncaringscience.org/about-us/caring-science-definitions-processes-theory/
