Lupus is a chronic inflammatory ailment of the unidentified cause which might affect almost any body part. The medical terms that are used to refer to Lupus are Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Lupus occurs when one of there is a malfunction of some cells of the immune systems. When subjected to this condition the body reacts to a stimulant that is unknown and thereby generating many proteins or antibodies that is directed against the different tissue of the body. Children can suffer from this condition, but the largest patients who suffer from this type of ailment are women. It is estimated that 80 percent of patients that suffered from this condition are women, the remaining 20 percent is Men. Mendelson (2009) observed that black women are most affected by this ailment, he claimed that there are three times as many African America women affected by the disease as their white counterpart. In the first ten years of the life of children, girls are likely to develop SLE 3 to seven times more compared to boys. Presently, there are 1,400,000 cases of SLE which has been diagnosed and identified. However, it is estimated that there are two million people who suffer from this disease
It is imperative to note that antibodies could be existing for several years before the commencement of the initial symptoms of SLE ( Barbhaiya et al., 2017) . One long-lasting planned mechanism for the advancements of the autoantibodies entails a flaw in apoptosis which stimulates disturbance of the immune system and increased death cells ( Bentham et al., 2015) . The redeployment of cellular antigens apoptosis or necrosis leads to a cell-surface exhibition of nuclear and plasma antigens in the form of nucleosomes (Mendelson, 2009). Consequently, dysregulated (intolerant) lymphocytes commence aiming at a typically protected intracellular antigens. The faulty clearance of the apoptotic cell rubble permits for the tenacity of the immune and antigen convoluted production.
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Impact of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Health, Wellness, and Community
SLE gives rise to a wider range of clinical manifestations as well as the quiescent period which majorly comprise of mild and severe pain, reduced physical activities and fatigue. The symptoms of musculoskeletal distress, pain, and fatigue are most frequently reported from the patients of SLE ( Bentham et al., 2015) . Patients suffer from numerous symptoms concurrently, and even the least frequent symptoms such as memory disturbance and depression occur in more than fifty percent of patients in the period of quiescence
SLE affects several aspects of the life of a patient. Of life circumstances, people suffering from SLE perceive disturbance in the area of social activities, career building, and job performance ( Andreoli et al., 2016) . This disease has an impact on the areas of family life, partnership, and human relation (Mendelson, 2009). The problems within the partnership and family were recorded in approximately a third of the patients that were diagnosed with SLE.
The most affected regular activities include more strenuous tasks or sport and staying in the sun, including a substantial percentage of patients who are not able to carry out these activities at all ( Somers et al., 2014) . Limitations in the entire activities that are monitored are present in more than half of the patients who suffer from SLE ( Bentham et al., 2015) . SLE has a substantial impact on the quality of life of patients and prevents them from living everyday life at the same level compared to the healthy population (Mendelson, 2009). Treating SLE is quite expensive, and it may lead to the families that have SLE patients be poor because they have depleted all their resources to treat the disease. When families have depleted their resources the children or at times parents may resort to committing a crime such as a robbery to fend for their needs.
References
Andreoli, L., Bertsias, G. K., Agmon-Levin, N., Brown, S., Cervera, R., Costedoat-Chalumeau, N., ... & Khamashta, M. (2016). EULAR recommendations for women's health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome. Annals of the rheumatic diseases , annrheumdis-2016.
Barbhaiya, M., Lu, B., Sparks, J. A., Malspeis, S., Chang, S. C., Karlson, E. W., & Costenbader, K. H. (2017). Influence of alcohol consumption on the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus among women in the Nurses’ Health Study cohorts. Arthritis care & research , 69 (3), 384-392.
Bentham, J., Morris, D. L., Graham, D. S. C., Pinder, C. L., Tombleson, P., Behrens, T. W., ... & Replogle, J. (2015). Genetic association analyses implicate aberrant regulation of innate and adaptive immunity genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nature genetics , 47 (12), 1457.
Mendelson Cindy. (2009). Diagnosis: A Liminal State for Women Living
With Lupus.
file:///C:/Users/Nick/Downloads/Nursing%20written%20assignment%20Liminal%20State%20Lupus%20(1).pdf
Somers, E. C., Marder, W., Cagnoli, P., Lewis, E. E., DeGuire, P., Gordon, C., ... & Leisen, J. (2014). Population‐based incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus: the Michigan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance program. Arthritis & rheumatology , 66 (2), 369-378.
