Mandai, M., Watanabe, A., Kurimoto, Y., Hirami, Y., Morinaga, C., Daimon, T., ... & Terada, M. (2017). Autologous induced stem-cell-derived retinal cells for macular degeneration. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(11), 1038-1046 .
Article overview of the article/research
The research conducted was based on tissue transplant. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were transplanted to a patient with age-related macular degeneration. The patient stayed for one year without a change in visual acuity, and the transplant sheet was still intact.
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Statement of the disease reviewed and definition
Macular degeneration is an age-related (AMD) retinal problem that affects the vision of older people in most developed countries (AMDF, 2019). It occurs in two varieties; wet AMD also called Neovascular is caused by a physical disruption or dysfunction of the RPE. Dry or atrophic AMD results when the remaining RPE or neovascular membranes are removed (Mandai et al., 2017). The general treatment procedure for AMD is risky and associated with hemorrhage.
Specific findings, statistical significance, number of participants
The research involved two patients, a 77-year old Japanese woman as patient 1 and a 68-year old Japanese man as patient 2. Just after one year, patient 1 had no indications of graft rejection in the transplant she received on her choroidal neovascular tissues (Mandai et al., 2017). The graft was functioning as intended, but the fixation was unstable and could not be relied upon to relay conclusive results. Patient 2 did not undergo transplantations, but results reputed the concerns that cancerous tissues caused his neovascular membranes. There were deleted genes in his body.
How the research specifically relates to the underlying pathophysiology of the disease
The research underlies concerns in tumorigenicity that transplants in treatments are associated with. RPE cells are adequate for transplant operations.
Reflection on how the research affects their practice and application
In the application and practice of the research, patient two was not operated on because the corrected acuity was conforming to the anti-VEGF therapy (Mandai et al., 2017). They used several tests on patient one as those used in conventional methods.
Reflection on the learning of the topic
From this research and course, I learned that organ transplant should be cautiously examined during treatment involving it. The most difficult concept to grasp is the procedure for the tests during the transplants. I need to continue working on these tests to gain the required knowledge in my career. My goal, therefore, is to complete the procedure of the tests before I once get a chance to experience a transplant maybe from other professionals.
References
AMDF (2019) “Saving Sight Through Research and Education” Retrieved on August 1, 2019, from https://www.macular.org/what-macular-degeneration
Mandai, M., Watanabe, A., Kurimoto, Y., Hirami, Y., Morinaga, C., Daimon, T., ... & Terada, M. (2017). Autologous induced stem-cell–derived retinal cells for macular degeneration. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(11), 1038-1046 .
