The poem, Market Woman's Cries by Jonathan Swift's posits of the daily struggle faced by women in their quest to acquire finances and cater to their children's needs. The poet emphasizes women's desire to raise their children through complete providence of their basic needs ranging from food, clothing, education and shelter. Similarly, the author explains the underlying cause of the women's distress and desire to sell her products as the involvement with an irresponsible man. This essay, therefore, aims at evaluating the poem in regards to theories proposed by scholars such as the Marxist and Psychoanalytic theory. Moreover, the text will focus primarily on the Marxist theory and its relevance to the poem.
Due to the exploitation women continuously face within their societies, scholars developed the deficient feminine nature to explain the phenomenon. Thus said, the poem's metaphorical phrase, "I wish them in Heaven" depicts the mother's wishes for her children as she desires their complete fulfilment and joy ( Market Women's Cries, n.d) . Marxism advocates for feminism as the theory posits that women are oppressed continuously through capitalism and the very social structures they help build. Similarly, Marxist feminists address the critical issues presented in the poem such as the irresponsibility of various men as well as the continued struggles faced by their partners ( Puchner, 2006) .
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Conversely, using the psychoanalytic theory may be a disadvantage as the approach focuses primarily on evaluating personality development ( Aitken et al., 2005) . While the poem illustrates the persona's personality as a caring mother, the argument fails to assess the social and emotional context of the setting of the poem. This essay thus supports the use of the Marxist theory due to its beneficial aspects such as a critical understanding of the emotional, social and economic variables within the poem.
References
Aitken, G., Alldred, P., Allwood, R., Billington, T., Burman, E., Goldberg, B., ... & Warner, S. (2005). Psychology, Discourse And Social Practice: From Regulation To Resistance . Taylor & Francis.
Market Women's Cries by Jonathan Swift. (n.d). Poetry Foundation . Retrieved from https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/50390/market-womens-cries
Puchner, M. (2006). Poetry of the Revolution: Marx, Manifestos, and the Avant-gardes (Vol. 15). Princeton University Press.
