The technological advancements in the world have increased the scale of individual-based data sources, their registers, the information systems and the databases that may be of value in epidemiological research. Moreover, the number of the total studies of the secondary data is highly expected to go high. The secondary data are the ones that have been collected in the field with no specific purpose. The data is often collected for management reasons, planning and administration of the health institutions. They are also used for surveillance and research purposes. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the increasing trends of incidences of asthma disease. Further, to discuss the factors affecting the data sources of its occurrence.
Asthma occurrence rates have been surging around the world over the past two decades. Epidemiologists often spend a lot of time in analyzing data and evaluating the validity of the sources of their information. Epidemiologists thought they had an idea of factors that might be increasing the occurrence of asthma disease but then they have found out that the world is not clean enough. According to their research, early exposure of children to infectious agents develops their immune system to mount differing effective defenses against parasites and disease-causing viruses (Clark et al., 2015). God sanitation deprive the immune system of this program letting the body pounce on harmless environmental particles like dust. An allergic body reaction takes place leading to the signs of asthma.
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The number of individuals that have been affected with asthma has gone high. One in 10 individuals has asthma in the United States in 2010 as compared to one in 12 people who had asthma in 2000. According to asthma statistics, more than 50% of the people who are affected with asthma have received asthma attacks in the year 2009, and children were the most affected comparing to adults. In 2010, 20%of children had asthma while 18% of adults had children. Women are the most vulnerable group to asthma attacks among adults and boys of young age (Akinbami et al., 2012).
Frequent changes in the diagnosis criteria and testing reports about the occurrence of asthma epidemics among different subgroups indicates that there is a decreasing rate of asthma prevalence. The diagnosis indicates that few asthma incidences have been reported implying a potential for diagnostic change of the condition: the bronchitis incidences have decreased, but the asthma prevalence has increased.
Annual trends can be used in determining incidents of asthma condition changes over time. The annual trends can be used in determining the condition prevalence changes among subgroups. The annual trend analysis of asthma incidences indicates an increase in the occurrence rates of 46% in 2000 to 51% in 2010. The asthma prevalence increased significantly on an annual basis, whereas the incidence rate decreased over time. Time analysis indicates that adults with asthma decreased significantly from 31% in 2000 to 26% in 2010. The diagnosed case of asthma incidences annually decreased from 51% in 2000 to 43% in 2010. Asthma incident among children has decreased significantly from 56%% in 2000 to 39% in 2010 (De Marco et al., 2012).
The prevalence of asthma is high among adults specifically women in the US. However, the study on annual time trends of asthma indicates a substantial decrease in the annual prevalence of asthma incidents among adults and children from 2000 to 2010.
References
Akinbami, L. J., Moorman, J. E., Bailey, C., Zahran, H. S., King, M., Johnson, C. A., & Liu, X. (2012). Trends in asthma prevalence, health care use, and mortality in the United States, 2001–2010. NCHS data brief, 94 (94), 1-8.
Clark, N. A., Demers, P. A., Karr, C. J., Koehoorn, M., Lencar, C., Tamburic, L., & Brauer, M. (2015). Effect of early life exposure to air pollution on development of childhood asthma (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia).
De Marco, R., Cappa, V., Accordini, S., Rava, M., Antonicelli, L., Bortolami, O., ... & Cerveri, I. (2012). Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010. European Respiratory Journal, 39 (4), 883-892.
