Despite the global effort to eliminate poverty, the problem has continued to hit various parts of the world, particularly the developing countries. Among the developed countries, the United States is one of the countries with the highest poverty rate. Statistics released in 2017 indicate that Israel is the leading developed country with a poverty rate of 17.9 percent, followed by the United States at 17.8 percent (Caminada et al., 2019. But we must admit that the United States poverty rate has dropped significantly since 2017 and its current standard at 10.5 percent. Even though poverty rates continue to fall, many Hispanics and Black are still living below poverty; this has significantly affected the children in these regions.
Study indicates that Neighborhood's state has a significant impact on the community, particularly children raised in such regions. The neighborhood poverty rate is likely to affect the community because poverty is associated with other factors, including drug dealing, dropping out of school, and gang members (Decker et al., 2018). The elements tend to affect how children grow and develop; most of the children growing under such influence tend to emulate these behaviors into their adulthood.
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The article by Ludwig et al. (2013) investigates the long-term neighborhood impacts on the communities' primarily low-income earning families. The authors used the data from the randomized hosing-mobility experiment. The study offered public housing families the opportunity to move to high income earning neighborhoods. According to the study outcome, adults' physical and mental health had improved, but the study had no detectable impact on youths' economic development. Generally, the program enhanced the subjective well-being of adults. Based on the study outcome, it was clear that neighborhoods affect the surrounding community's mental and physical well-being.
Past research has indicated that poverty has detrimental impacts on various child domains and their well-being, including behavior problems, readiness and achievement in school, and mental health conditions. The studies indicate that Neighborhood has a significant impact on the child's mental well-being and performance in school. Neighborhoods have also been associated with other factors such as joining of gang member groups and drug abuse among the youths. It has been noted that children raised in poor neighborhoods are prone to poverty associated challenges ranging from school dropout to substance use.
Urban sociology refers to the study of human interaction and life in metropolitan areas. Urban sociology seeks to study ecological processes, structures, and urban setup changes to help in decision making. The article is relevant to the course work because it provides guidelines on how human interaction and behaviors in urban set up can eventually affect the growth and development of children. Some textbook theories like symbolic interactionism have come out very clearly in the article discussed; the neighborhood influence on the children up brings. I have learned new things regarding the impact of human interaction on an individual's behavior.
In conclusion, neighborhoods affect the growth and development of the community. The younger children's behavior can be affected either positively or negatively depending on the Neighborhood; low income earning neighborhoods are associated with gangsters, drug dealing, mental health, and school dropout among the school-going kids. The vice versa is valid for the less disadvantaged communities. It indicates that Neighborhood affects what the children would become in the future.
References
Caminada, K., Wang, J., Goudswaard, K. P., & Wang, C. (2019). Relative income poverty rates and poverty alleviation via tax/benefit systems in 49 LIS countries, 1967-2016 (No. 761).
Dodge, K. A. (2018). Toward population impact from early childhood psychological interventions. American Psychologist , 73 (9), 1117.
Gottdiener, M. (2019). New urban sociology. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies , 1-5.
LIS Working Paper Decker, M. J., Isquick, S., Tilley, L., Zhi, Q., Gutman, A., Luong, W., & Brindis, C. D. (2018). Neighborhoods matter. A systematic review of neighborhood characteristics and adolescent reproductive health outcomes. Health & place, 54, 178-190.Series.
Ludwig, J., Duncan, G. J., Gennetian, L. A., Katz, L. F., Kessler, R. C., Kling, J. R., & Sanbonmatsu, L. (2013). Long-term neighborhood effects on low-income families: Evidence from Moving to Opportunity. American economic review , 103 (3), 226-31.
