Prompt 1
The three components of the patient protection and affordable care act that became effective in 2014 include; improving quality and lowering cost, new consumer protection, and increasing access to affordable care. Improving quality and lowering cost ensured that patients in the US hospitals received adequate medical attendance. Its provisions relate to health insurance linkages and individual mandates ( French et al., 2016 ). It ensured that past medical tests are not repeated; thus, reducing the cost. Lowering cost, on the other hand, ensures that patients from middle-class or low-class can afford the cost of healthcare (Chor, Olin, & Hoagwood, 2014). Affordable Care Act, which was enacted by President Obama ensures that all citizens have access to hospitals. Also, increasing access to affordable care ensures every American citizen receives treatment; hence, reducing the mortality rate. The new consumer protection was designed to prohibit discrimination against gender. The reform ensured that insurance companies sold coverage to all citizens irrespective of their pre-existing conditions. All the three components have significant impact on patients and healthcare service providers.
References
Chor, K. H. B., Olin, S. C. S., & Hoagwood, K. E. (2014). Training and education in clinical psychology in the context of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice , 21 (2), 91-105.
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French, M. T., Homer, J., Gumus, G., & Hickling, L. (2016). Key Provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA): A Systematic Review and Presentation of Early Research Findings. Health services research, 51 (5), 1735–1771.
Prompt 2
Overtreatment is a type of healthcare spending, which is considered wasteful in the US. Overtreatment comes with an increased cost of medical care; thus, it is wasteful spending that is often created by nurses or doctors. It is associated with medical errors and misdiagnosis. However, patients who are usually over treated are given the correct diagnosis, but they will not live longer due to over medication. Patients with mildly blood pressure cannot benefit from taking blood pressure-lowering medicines because the medication may extremely low the pressure; thus the waste in healthcare spending (Rich, Singleton, & Wadhwa, 2018). Overtreatment is a wasteful healthcare spending, which the doctors can correct by avoiding repeated medical errors. These medical errors increase the cost of treatment; hence, it has significant impacts on patients since they will pay more for continuous treatment. However, when such errors are eliminated, American Citizens with diseases such as blood pressure will find treatment affordable and might live longer.
References
Rich, C. R., Singleton, J. K., & Wadhwa, S. S. (2018). Sustainability for healthcare management: a leadership imperative . Routledge.
