The study entails an investigation conducted to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 in individuals infected with the hepatitis C virus. The study was conducted in Pakistan, Islamabad, at the Blood Collection Center at the Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Oncology Institute. The participants of the study included 112 individuals infected with HCV. A patient information form was utilized in the collection of crucial study information from the patients. Additionally, the study tested 51 patients for random glucose and blood levels using the strip-based method of glucose testing. The study also involved 80 individuals of the same age bracket not infected with the HCV as the control group ( Sajida & Sadia, 2016) .
What is the title of the chart that correlates with the study?
The title of the chart that resonates with the study is 'Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus 2 in HCV infected and Healthy Subjects ’.
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Which type of chart is used to present the data, and why do you think it was chosen?
The study used a bar graph in presenting the data. I think the researchers choose the bar graph due to the advantages that it performs regarding the ease of data presentation and interpretation by the audience, particularly concerning studies that aim at the relationship between two variables. Each bar in the chart is used to represent a given value; whenever bars are stacked together, one is able to compare the different costs or bars at a glance ( Goel, Jamnik, & Narayanan, 2010) . Other factors that may have influenced the researchers to opt for the bar graph include that they are easily understood. Bar graphs are one of the most commonly used approaches in data representation; most people come across them in newspapers and textbooks among others, which demonstrates that most audiences can read and interpret data presented on bar graphs.
Other approaches of data presentation, such as the matrix graphs or compressed scales among others are highly complex and are challenging to read and interpret, particularly for individuals who are not familiar with such data presentation approaches. Hence, the element of simplicity makes bar graphs the ideal choice, especially in cases where data or information is intended to reach a diverse and wide audience ( Goel, Jamnik, & Narayanan, 2010) . In this context, the data presented in the article is meant for a broad audience, including the general population, medical practitioners, and scholars. The diversity of the audience, therefore, necessitates the utilization of a data presentation approach that caters for the needs of all, particularly the general population whereby some members may lack specialized skills to interpret and understand data presented using complex approaches. Another advantage of bar graphs is that they can be used in representing data that varies with time, which is a crucial aspect in helping people to visualize trends. Bar graphs focus on data comparison at a given time and help the audience to compare the different data types.
Define the variables and major findings from the data
The variables included in the study comprise of Diabetes Types 1 and 2 and HCV. The study demonstrated that 12 patients out of the 112 infected with HCV were diabetic. Five patients out of the 12 had diabetes before their HCV diagnosis. After the HCV diagnosis, six patients were found to have developed diabetes. Moreover, after being administered with antiviral therapy for six months, 64 out of the 112 patients were found to have developed diabetes. In the control group, nine out of the 75 healthy individuals had diabetes ( Sajida & Sadia, 2016) . The bar graph illustrates the relationship between diabetes and HCV infection. The data analysis indicates that there is no relation between diabetes and HCV since the association is insignificant for both types 1 and two diabetes.
Have there been updates to findings of this data, and if so, who made them and are they reliable?
Several studies have been conducted on the same problem following this study. A study by Ambachew et al. (2019) arrived at similar results, whereby the researchers established that HCV might contribute to diabetes. However, the extent is insignificant as they reported inconsistent and variable findings regarding the relationship.
What did you learn about data presentation from your analysis that could be useful in your career or future research?
One of the major lessons that I have learned from this exercise that I can apply in future is that the method that one chooses for data presentation is vital in ensuring that one meets the needs of the audience. In this case, the researchers opted for a bar graph because the target audience is diverse and includes people who may lack skills to interpret more data presented in more complex formats. Apart from taking the needs of the audience into consideration when presenting data, I have also learned that data should be presented using the most effective approach to facilitate proper interpretation and understanding.
References
Ambachew, S., Eshetie, S., Geremew, D., Endalamaw, A., & Melku, M. (2019). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among hepatitis C virus-infected patients: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic reviews , 8 (1), 60.
Goel, A., Jamnik, M. & Narayanan, N. (2010). Diagrammatic representation and inference: 6th international conference, Diagrams 2010, Portland, OR, USA, August 9-11, 2010: proceedings . Berlin: Springer.
Sajida, P., & Sadia, A., (2016). To investigate the prevalence of diabetes type 1 and type 2 in HCV infected individuals. Epidemiology: Open Access , 6 (3).
