Leadership in the healthcare sector entails the management of different entities in different departments. The implication is the use of different models that helps to harness team spirit, especially when trying to reach institutional goals. One of the best ways through which a leader can promote teamwork is through having effective communication. Ideally, prompt and effective communication helps in ironing differences between employees resulting in increased cooperation and coordination. It means that under an active leader in the healthcare sector can bring about changers among the healthcare providers that help to manage patients better. For instance, the healthcare sector involves different healthcare professionals—the failure to have proper leadership results in a lack of an individual who effects change. The result can be the deterioration of values and morals that helps to guide the professionals. Lack of leadership can also result in a lack of ethical standards because of the lack of an authoritative figure. Therefore, this article focuses on the concept of leadership to manage and promote change. It will focus on the roles of leadership in managing interdisciplinary teams; the analysis also looks at the different styles of leadership and its impacts on employees as well as the effective use of communication strategies in helping to promote and support collaborative practice.
R ole of leadership in managing interdisciplinary teams
The first role of leadership is helping to Coach the members of the interdisciplinary team. A leader is an individual who can be able to offer both mental and moral support to interdisciplinary teams. Ideally, coaches act as mentors to a group of people ( Benoliel, & Somech, 2015) . Therefore, by having a coach, it is possible to improve communication within team members as well as rallying behind a common goal that helps to make an organization better.
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Leaders play the roles of strategist among interdisciplinary teams. In the healthcare department, each professional often has a goal to accomplish. However, it is essential to note that without effective strategies, the goals might not be achieved. By default, a lack of goals results in a lack of objectivity that might affect the performance of organizations ( Benoliel, & Somech, 2015) . It means the role of leaders is to come up with strategies within an organization. For instance, leaders can bring about change by championing a different leadership approach compared to what is utilized within an organization. Hence, leadership helps in providing strategies for managing interdisciplinary teams.
A good leader is one who is decisive in the face of uncertainties. In most cases, different persons within the healthcare sector might have a different opinion concerning the application of strategies to bring about change. It is important to note that leadership helps to provide decisiveness by providing viable examples in solving crises ( Scully, 2015) . For instance, in being a decisive team, leaders can provide a decision that helps to save patients' lives. Markedly, leadership plays many roles in the success of interdisciplinary teams. Usually, it helps to provide direction by providing a practical decision, providing strategies, and promoting coaching, which helps to mentor healthcare providers.
Differentiation of Interdisciplinary Team from One with A Multi- or Transdisciplinary Membership
In the healthcare sector, an interdisciplinary team is made up of different health care professionals from diverse disciplines. For instance, the current global pandemic has caused the collaboration of an interdisciplinary team aimed at combating the virus. For instance, doctors work together with virologists as a means of finding a cure. It is essential to mention that within an interdisciplinary team, members share the responsibilities ( Benoliel, & Somech, 2015) . Hence, this helps to promote interdependence as opposed to the dependency of team members.
On the other hand, it is essential to the point that the multidisciplinary team focuses on the members working together. According to Sfantou et al (2017) , this helps to promote communication and the exchange of ideas. In most cases, this helps the team to come up with solutions to problems in the healthcare sector. The main benefit of a multidisciplinary approach is the autonomy that is associated with an individual's expertise. Technically, this allows the members to contribute to findings or contradict each other's ideas. In the healthcare sector, this can help to save humanity in the face of a global pandemic such as Corvid-19. Accordingly, a transdisciplinary team allows the members to come together to find solutions to a problem. The main difference involves the ability of the team members to utilize collective efforts in determining the best approaches or ideas ( Scully, 2015) . For instance, in the healthcare sector, persons from different disciplines come together to cover all the aspects of treatment regarding specific medical conditions. For instance, the concept is useful in helping patient that are recovering from physical trauma; they often require different team members to come together to help faster track the recovery of the patient.
Different Types of Leadership Impacts on Employees
There are different styles of leadership, and each has an impact on the way a leader can guide and support their employees. In the medical sector, the best leadership approach is through an authoritarian approach. Technically, this involves a top-down approach in which the hospital management makes the decision that cannot be reversed ( Asrar-ul-Haq , & Kuchinke, 2016) . This type of leadership does not give employees much room to decide on the management of the hospital. The effect of this leadership approach is fear and motivation among employees. A case in point, an individual physician, might have different ideas from the hospital leadership and management; however, because of fear, they are unlikely to give the input. The result is a management team that does not have the full support of the employees. This resulted in growing discord in hospitals and reduced productivity.
Participative leadership is the other approach that contradicts the authoritative leadership. In this method, the top management is open to understanding and considering what the employees have to state in the organization ( Sfantou et al., 2017) . For instance, in the hospital setting, the top management can consider the insights provided by junior residents in the treatment of patients. It is essential to point out that this form of leadership has a positive influence on employees. For instance, Asamani (2016) argues that it helps to boost their morale in the organization. However, more importantly, it helps to increase the trust in the leaders. This leadership approach is critical compared to authoritarian leadership because it helps to promote and nurture talents within the hospital setting. As a result, it translates to improved productivity, which helps to build the brand identity and credibility of the hospital due to improved patient care outcomes.
Use of Communication Strategies to Support Collaborative Practice and Team Effectiveness
Leaders can utilize different strategies as a means of improving communication that helps to support collaborative practice within an institution. Ideally, one of the best ways is through an inclusion strategy. Inclusion helps to bring about different talents onboard. In this way, leaders bring people from diverse cultural backgrounds together. This means that employees benefit from social capital that helps to increase the knowledge base of the ( Asamani, 2016 ; Asrar-ul-Haq, & Kuchinke, 2016) . Holding regular meetings is another means of improving communication strategies. In retrospect, having a regular meeting is a way through which team members can point out their difference. This helps to promote coordination among the employees and helps to eradicate any difference. Also, the use of online tools serves as an ideal means of supporting collaborative practice within an organization. For instance, there exist tools such as Slack, which are useful in providing a platform in which group projects can be shared among the members. In equal measure having respect for people's cultural diversity is the right way of improving communication among employees. Essentially, this helps to promote teamwork and effective coordination because of respect for another person's culture.
Effective communication also helps to orchestrate change within a team setting. It is essential to point out that team effectiveness ensures a change in the healthcare organization.
First communication increases team effectiveness by fostering the building of stronger bonds among team members. The effectiveness of a team is determined by the strength of their bond ( Asrar-ul-Haq, & Kuchinke, 2016) . This implies that by working together for a long time, team members can make predict an accurate wild guess concerning what their team member might need or not need during training session. By the same token, improved communication from healthcare workers points at increases employee engagement.
Healthcare sector like any other sector thrives on the ability of its employees working together towards common goals. A case in point, during surgical procedures, the lead surgeon has to point out what is requires from other team members. The surgeon often mentions his preferred tools of trade or the role his assistants should play to help save the life of their patient. As a result of effective communication, Scully (2015) theorizes that the surgical team holistically demonstrates increased employee engagement which helps to foster loyalty and by default increase effectiveness of the team. For instance, when team members communicate on time about the procedures to be conducted on patients, it ensures that every team member utilizes their skills to save the lives of patients ( Sfantou et al., 2017) . Equally important, dynamics of change within the organization are not limited to communication; it also involves commitment and time to aligning personal goals with organizational goals. As a result, this helps to promote change in terms of patient care.
Conclusion
Conclusively, leadership plays a vital role in most hospital settings. Based on the arguments provided above, leadership plays an essential role in bringing persons from different professions together through coaching initiatives. By coaching different people, then the chances are high that a leader would help to bring about change within an organization. For instance, coaching helps to improve the confidence of new residents in a hospital facility. Besides improving confidence, it allows leaders to mentor others within the organization. Leadership plays an important role in deciding within a team dynamic. This implies that under an effective leader, a team can be able to make the best decisions that help to save patients' lives at minimal risks. Even though there are different types of leadership that hospital management can adopt, participative leadership has more benefits to employees. This helps to promote trust between the employer and the employee. However, it is essential to point out that authoritative leadership also has its advantages because it results in hospitals utilizing practices that align with their vision and mission statements. On the other hand, leaders also play a direct role in the well being of an organization through their communication strategies. Communication strategies that elicit reactions from employees help to point out loopholes that can be improved to bring about needed change in the organization.
References
Asamani, A. (2016). Leadership styles in nursing management: implications for staff outcomes. Journal of Health Sciences , 6 (1).
Asrar-ul-Haq, M., & Kuchinke, K. P. (2016). Impact of leadership styles on employees' attitudes towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks. Future Business Journal , 2 (1), 54-64.
Benoliel, P., & Somech, A. (2015). The role of leader boundary activities in enhancing interdisciplinary team effectiveness. Small-Group Research , 46 (1), 83-124.
Scully, N. J. (2015). Leadership in nursing: The importance of recognizing inherent values and attributes to secure a positive future for the profession. Collegian , 22 (4), 439-444.
Sfantou, D. F., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A. E., Sifaki-Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017, December). Importance of leadership style towards the quality of care measures in healthcare settings: a systematic review. In Healthcare (Vol. 5, No. 4, p. 73). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
