Many factors combined impact public health. To a more significant extent, factors such as where a person lives, genetics, education level, income, the state of one’s environment, and the political state have a considerable impact to the public health. Although Bio-psychosocial, political, economic, and environmental factors determine public health, nurses can advocate in situations of health disparities and promote health.
First, incomes and social status impact public health. Typically, higher incomes and greater social status are connected to better health. Secondly, Education level impacts public health. Commonly, low-level education is associated with lower confident, poor health, and more stress. For instance, In Hungary, individuals with primary education often have poor health as compared to those with university education (Marmot 2014). Education exposes individual to better jobs hence better incomes which provokes better health
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What is more, employed individuals are often healthier; especially those who have significant control over their working conditions, as compared to people with no employment. Also, health servi c es differences determine public health. Use and access to services which treats and prevents disease influence health in a particular place. For instance, in London, male life expectancy is 76.8 year, while in the United States, male life expectancy is 78.69 years (Marmot 2014). The variation in life expectancy is due to the difference in access to healthcare between the two states.
Furthermore, inequality affects public health. High levels of inequality adversely affect the health of the poor as well are the rich. According to Marmot (2014), inequality decreases social cohesion, a factor that leads to stress, insecurity, and fear for everyone.
Nurses can advocate for situations of health disparities and promote health in various ways. First, they can work collaboratively with community groups. Nurses have the call to build new relationships and inspire members of a community to take charge of building health equity. Secondly, nurses can create a partnership with community groups ( Adler, Glymour & Fielding 2016) . For instance, nurses can create a partnership with public elected officials and health and human services profession and lay down strategies in improving the human condition in particular communities and consequently implementing approaches for health equity.
Furthermore, nurses can advocates for the needs of the community as a whole. Advocacy starts with the identification of particular needs, after which they can decide the approach action and seek dedicated support for improvement with a primary goal of reducing disparities. For instance, in the US, nurses can advocate for the needs of citizens through the support of the World Health Organization (WHO).
References
Wilkinson, R. G., & Marmot, M. (Eds.). (2014). Social determinants of health: the solid facts . World Health Organization.
Adler, N. E., Glymour, M. M., & Fielding, J. (2016). Addressing social determinants of health and health inequalities. Jama , 316 (16), 1641-1642.
