Public policy involves aggressive actions taken by the government to solve real issues in the economy of the nation at large. This is done to make people’s lives better. Policies can be implemented to regulate industries, businesses, or protect citizens. However, the public policy process demands the participation of several stakeholders to fulfill its legitimacy and support from those directly affected by the policy (Dutrenit & Suarez, 2018). The constitution of the United States of America provides implied and explicit powers to both internal and external respectively during the policy-making process. Constitutional legitimacy is a justified way a constitution lends legal legitimacy to institutions or individuals to execute actions that come with such powers (Chau, 2012). Internal stakeholders who have constitutional legitimacy include Congress, Executive, Supreme Court, or judiciary and governmental department affected by the policy being designed. On the contrary, external stakeholders with constitutional legitimacy, involves individuals directly affected by the policy, civil societies, and Non-governmental organizations.
Yes, stakeholders with explicit powers have enormous power in the public policymaking process. They are the recipient of the policy; the policy either benefits or disadvantages them. Internal stakeholders or the stakeholders in the government side often make policies that appeal to the issues of external stakeholders or else they risk their policy being voted out (Kuosa, 2016). It is prudent for stakeholders with explicit to have more influence and participation in the policy; they understand the problem which the policy will solve; they know the loopholes and ways around the problem internal stakeholders are blind to. It is necessary to factor in their recommendations because the government counts on their support of the policy to enhance that the problem is solved in the end and citizens’ lives are improved. Failure to fully include them is bound to lead to rallies and conferences lobbying against the support of the policy or the policymakers which will hurt the entire process. It is vital for both internal and external stakeholders to collaboratively work to make comprehensive and competitive policies that benefit both stakeholders and solves the present problem for the citizens and government respectively.
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References
Chau, B. (2012). Constitutional Legitimacy: An Analysis under Max Weber's Traditional Sources of Authority. Social Science Research Network , 1-9.
Dutrenit, G., & Suarez, M. (2018). Involving stakeholders in policymaking: tensions emerging from a public dialogue with knowledge-based entrepreneurs. Science and Public Policy, 45 (3), 338-350.
Kuosa, T. (2016). The Evolution of Strategic Foresight: Navigating Public Policy Making. New York: Routledge.
