The Role of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Antisocial Behavior in Crime (Author: Ishita Aggarwall).
Key Terms: Neurophysiology, Serotonin, Testosterone, Stress, Amygdala
The antisocial personality disorder is a mental condition that is characterized by the contempt of social norms, difficulty in experiencing guilt, impulsive behavior, and the inability to tolerate frustrations. Individuals suffering from this particular disorder to have an increased sense of self-worth and therefore might also be tempted to violate other people's rights. The article attempts to associate the abnormalities in behavior to the anatomy and chemistry of the human brain. Impulse and judgment in people suffering from antisocial personality disorder is said emanate from mal-development of various regions of the brain including septal and the limbic region and also low levels of serotonin which is a neurotransmitter. Environmental factors are also responsible for the development of the antisocial personality disorder. Such factors include low levels of education, low social and economic status, and familial lifestyle. Understanding the biological rationale behind the antisocial personality disorder can enable people to understand the etiology of criminal behavior which is closely associated with this particular disorder. This will in turn help in mitigating crime and also developing the therapeutic interventions for these patients. The testosterone is a hormone found in male individuals that have also been associated with the antisocial personal syndrome. Research has it that individuals with high levels of this particular home show the disorder more than those with low levels, hence more vulnerable to criminal behavior. Low levels of stress have also been identified to increase the antisocial behavior.
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In summary, the article attempts to give a scientific perspective of antisocial behavior and criminal activity concerning the brain anatomy and chemistry. The anatomical parts of the brain affected include the amygdala, temporal region, and the prefrontal cortex. Environmental factors are also associated with this particular disorder.
Is There A Criminal Mind? What Does It Look Like? (Author: Vinita Mehta).
Keywords: Moral Bankruptcy, Cognitive Empathy, Borderline Personality, Cognitively Empathy, Reactive Aggression.
The article attempts to analyze how the brains of psychopaths and people with antisocial human behavior differ from those who are normal. The author defines the antisocial personality disorder as a mental health problem where a person exhibits a long-term pattern of exploiting, violating or manipulating the rights of other people. The article implicates both genes and the environmental factors in leading to this condition. The environmental conditions include having an alcoholic parent or having a history of child abuse in the past. Also, the author asserts that with regards to gender, more men exhibit the disorder than women. People with antisocial behavior with borderline personality have certain behavioral characteristics that include the inability to regulate emotions, emotional impulsiveness, rage, reactive aggression, and cognitive empathy among others. In a bid to identify the differences in the brain structures of antisocial offenders and other criminals, MRI scans were taken of the two groups. The offenders included people who had been convicted of various crimes such as robbery, murder, rape, and manslaughter among others. The research found out that the antisocial offenders had alterations in the anatomy of their brain including the ventromedial and orbitofrontal cortex regions. Marked differences were also witnessed in the temporal pole which is key in the interpretation of people’s motives.
In conclusion, the author attempts to depict the differences in behavior and brain anatomy that exists between the antisocial offenders and normal people. The hallmark features of moral bankruptcy and callousness depicted by this group of people could be as a result of the many differences they have in their brain anatomy as compared to normal people.
Antisocial Personality Disorder (Author: Criminal Justice Research).
Key Terms: Self-Inflicting Injuries, Emotional Tendencies, Social Norms, Law Enforcement, Criminal Justice
The article attempts to associate the antisocial personality disorder with the field of law and psychology. The antisocial personality syndrome is described as a condition that causes impairment and distress to an individual. It is also associated with violating the rights of others and disregarding the social norms. According to the authors, various associated features of the antisocial personality might cause an individual to participate in criminal activities. Such characteristics include having a distrustful and hostile view of the world, believing the other people carry with them the potential to harm or deceive negative views with regards to law enforcement, and other pro-criminal activities that might act to justify criminal behavior. Such people might also depict poor concentration abilities and the inability to show attention to normal routine activities. However, they might show an increased attention to exciting and pleasurable activities such as gambling. Another common characteristic of people suffering from the antisocial disorder is their tendency to show the feelings of irritability, anger, violent behavior, dissatisfaction, unhappiness, displeasure all which might cause an individual to engage in criminal behavior. The emotional tendencies among these types of people can be used to explain the high rate of suicide witnessed in these people. Other than engaging in criminal behavior, these people can also associate themselves with risk-taking behaviors that include self-inflicting injuries, drug and substance abuse, reckless driving, and other risky sexual behavior.
Therefore, the main focus of the article is to analyze the specific behavioral tendencies among the people suffering from an antisocial personality disorder that might lead them to carry out criminal activities. Therefore, the authors have identified various views, characteristics, and behaviors of such people and how they might expose themselves to the full course of the law.
Pathways from Childhood Conduct Problems to Adult Criminality (Author: Tiffany L. Panko).
Key Terms: Conduct Disorder, Impulsivity, Hyperactivity, Social Judgment, Auditory Memory
The focus of the paper is on the conduct disorder in childhood and how it plays a critical role in predicting the future criminal activity of the child. The three main problems of conduct disorders in children include paying attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Children with a conduct disorder have a tendency of engaging in antisocial practices that include assaults, bullying, cruelty to animals, arson, disobedience, shoplifting, and engaging in physical fights. Neuropsychological deficits that might be depicted by such children include difficulty in verbal comprehension, low IQ levels, poor social judgment, incoherence in language, and a weakened auditory memory. Conduct disorder is normally a precursor of personality disorder. The article further appreciates the role of biological and environmental factors in the development of conduct and personality disorder. Evidence has postulated that approximately 80% of children with this particular kind of disorder have acquired it genetically. The environmental factors might include the child’s upbringing, influences of the parents, and the company they engage in. The article also traces a relationship between the childhood disorders to criminal activity at adulthood. The conduct disorder is not a preserve of the boy child alone as girls have also been identified to depict similar traits.
In conclusion, the main focus of the article is to analyze the personality disorder condition in children and how it sets a center stage for criminal activities in the future. It also attempts to draw relationships between social disorder and the tendency of a child to engage in unlawful activities such as bullying, shoplifting, and animal cruelty.
References
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) Criminal Justice, http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/forensic-psychology/antisocial-personality-disorder-aspd/
Is There a Criminality Mind? What Does It Look Like? https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/head-games/201305/is-there-criminal-mind-what-does-it-look
Pathways from Childhood Conduct Problems to Adult Criminality http://www.personalityresearch.org/papers/panko.html
The Role of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Antisocial behavior in Crime http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1658/the-role-of-antisocial-personality-disorder-and-antisocial-behavior-in-crime
