The creation of the Nuremberg Code and the US public health services Syphilis study at Tuskegee influenced the role of the Institutional Review Boards (IRB).The IRB is a branch of the research enterprises made to take good care of the human subjects. The Nuremberg Code is the standards that were used to make judgments on the German doctors and scientists who conducted brutal, dangerous, and lethal tests on prisoners in a war camp. The U.S public experimented on people without their consent and their knowledge on the impact of the penicillin on their health (Emanuel, 2000) .
The main role of IRB was to protect the human subject, but more roles came up due to these misconducts. The scientists were not allowed to do any experiments to any person without the consent of the subject. The subject has to be told what is going to be done to the body and what type of chemicals will be induced. The other role that changed was the role of compensation. The subject was only to be compensated for what was done to the body at that given time, but after the misconducts, the subject was to be compensated until the time of death. In the U.S those that were affected with Syphilis during that period of study were treated for free, yet they were not subjects.
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The IRB also now has the role of ensuring that the human subject is taken willingly. The human subject has to be taken only if he or she wants. The IRB now works to ensure that the research enterprises do this. The humans are also treated with care after the misconducts in Nazi and the U.S. The IRB ensures that the scientists are not cruel to human subjects instead they treat them well and ensure that the experiments done on them are not dangerous. The IRB also has a role, stop, shut down any harmful and dangerous researches being done on human subjects.
Reference
Emanuel, E. J., (2000). What makes clinical research ethical? In Jama 283(20) (pp. 2701-2711).
