Contemporary models of the solar systems dynamical evolution such as the Nice model suggest or allude to the possibility that the Kuiper Belt is primarily made of materials formed far beyond the giant planet region. Moreover, the Grand Tuck Model indicate that vast majority of carbonaceous asteroids that were formed amongst large planets were pushed to the outer asteroid belt as a result of early migration of two planets namely Jupiter and Saturn. Furthermore, the Grand Tuck model also suggests that there is a possibility that carbonaceous substances could have spread outward into the Kuiper Belt area alluding that a relatively small or a less significant number of objects far beyond Neptune might contain dark carbon-rich steroidal surfaces reminiscent of those of C/D/P-type asteroids (Seccul 2018)
The optical reflectance spectra of relatively small Kuiper Belt Objects usually, exhibit a red, linear featureless slope that shows little about their surface composition. Water ice, a material that is synonymous with most KBO’s, is primarily believed to dominate the surfaces of most Kuiper Belt Objects helps absorb NR (Seccul 2018)
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The heavy presence of phyllosilicate features has previously been reported on the surfaces of some KBOs. A detailed study aimed at detecting the reported spectra reduced featureless, and spectra with rotational spectral variability reported as possible. Some photometric observations of 2004 EW95 with HST have indicated its spectrum to be invariable. This assertion is supported by the consistently observed between the HST spectrophotometry of 2004 EW95 and the reflectance spectra reported on some scientific journals (Seccul 2018).
Just like 2004 EW95, some S, V and C type asteroids profoundly exhibit a significant reduction in near UV reflectance including the hydrated C types which heavily mirror the spectrum. The UV drop of most asteroids has over the years been attributed to the heavy presence of significantly high amounts of materials containing relatively high amounts of ferric oxide. It is imperative to note that substances such as highly complex aromatic organics have the potential to generate a similar reduction although organic-rich materials such as the P and D type asteroids have not been found to exhibit UV drop in their respective reflective spectra.
Besides Saturn and Jupiter, the small primitive objects that formed between the gas giants would be scattered and thus pushed into the outermost asteroid belt contributing to the majority of organic-rich asteroids. Models of Saturn and Jupiter rapid gas accretion indicate that first interplanetary rocks might have been scattered as the gas giants formed. By whichever process, a less significant percentage of these materials would be spread outward into the Trans-Neptune where they could later be captured into the MMRs of planet Neptune.
2004 EW95 orbits the sun in Neptune’s 3:2 Mean Motion Resonance at a relatively orbital eccentricity and inclination. The presence of a phyllosilicate feature shows that 2004 EW95 has been subjected to high temperatures which could either be through radiogenic from a single big collision or through solar irradiation. The apparent similarity that exists or is exhibited between 2004 EW95 and some C type asteroids suggests to the fact 2004 EW95 must have originated from the same place as these objects (Thomson 2009).
The close similarity exhibited to C type asteroids and the orbital characteristics of 2004 EW95 is consistent with the long-standing belief that this material may have been formed close to Jupiter among C type asteroids and was later emplaced into Kuiper Belt by the migrating planets.
Both the News article and the scientific paper address fundamental issues that are relevant to the solar system and the complicated process through which it was formed. Both the articles argue that the process might have been violent and this led to a number of asteroids being knocked into their current positions. It is evident that although the News article was primarily written for the general public, the article attempts to stick to facts. The article also brings forth the difference in composition of various asteroids especially those located between Mars and Jupiter. It is important to note that in an attempt to enable the general public understand the complex processes, it deviates from a number of scientific facts (Thomson 2009) . This is detrimental since it can be misleading thus distorting scientific facts. For instance, the news article claims that the Nice model is the only model which is relevant or can be used to explain the solar system and the process through which it was formed. This is not entirely true since apart from the Nice model, there exist the Grand Tuck Model. The Grand Tuck model explains why carbonaceous asteroids why violently pushed out of their respective orbits. Additionally, the news article deviates from science or spices up things when it suggests that the inner edge of asteroids lacks water as a result of heating. This is not true since a number of factors are responsible for the absence of water in the inner edge of most asteroids.
Unlike the scientific paper which is inundated with scientific terms, the news article is easy to read and comprehend. It is suitable for the general public since it explains complex astronomical processes by employing simple terms. The author, therefore, did a good job summarizing the paper since this implies that the information is not limited to just a small number of individuals (Thomson 2009).
It is also imperative to note that the author failed to include some interesting facts in the news article. For instance, the news article does not talk about the 2004 EW95, its composition, and orbit. Furthermore, the news article does not talk about the UV reflectance on S, V and C type asteroids. In conclusion, although some pertinent issues have been excluded from the news article, it has the potential to bridge the gap between the general public and the wee versed scientists.
References
Thomson, Andrea. 2009. "Migrating Planets May Have Kicked Asteroids Into Orbit." Space.com https://www.space.com/6981-migrating-planets-kicked-asteroids-orbit.html.
Tom Seccul, Wesley C. Fraser, and Michael E. Brown. 2018. "2004 EW95: A Phyllosilicate-bearing Carbonaceous Asteroid in the Kuiper Belt." The Astrophysical Journal Retrieved From; http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/aab3dc/meta.
