Stereotypes, prejudices, and biases are related in their action and implications. It is possible to confuse different terms relating to the three on the fact that all have an unfair effect on the subject of bias. Normally, an individual or a group will make pre-assumptions which are not supported by real facts towards others. For stereotype, one will tend to generalize the characters of a certain group own dealing with any of its members. Self-fulfilling prophesy bases reasoning with preconceived assumptions of the outcome and abilities of others which might affect their performance. Attribution error may come when a person uses the wrong attribution based on assumed personal features such as laziness yet they may be affected by other situational influences. The tor observer effects is a biased view of causation where one will attribute own failures to situational causes while viewing other people’s failures as coming from their own personality traits. Self-serving bias also shows unfair and selfish reasoning such that a person will own their success but attribute personal failures to the situational causes. Such kind of reasoning doesn’t concur with critical thinking to overcome the cognitive biases, it’s necessary that a person utilizes the evidence and facts available rather than relying on the assumptions and believes they preconceive. With critical reasoning, one must clarify and question any evidence provided before making any judgment.
Prejudice is another form of bias that comes with a general effect on certain groups of people such as races, gender or age. It develops from the use of stereotypes in the society that are negative concerning such groups which include violent, lazy and unintelligent assumptions. The groups assumed with stereotypes may portray a stereotype threat leading to underperformance as they realize they judged wrongly. In this case, groups judging others uses their self-fulfilling prophesies by using their assumptions and ignore the facts about individuals facing the biases. It is possible to eliminate prejudice and its effects by focusing on the facts, educating others to improve them, embracing diversity and assessing self-behaviors.
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